Gua Sarongge merupakan salah satu gua yang berada di Tasikmalaya tepatnya Kecamatan Kawalu. habitat dari berbagai hewan satunya Arthropoda, namun tidak semua Arthropoda dapat hidup pada kondisi dengan tingkat pencahayaan berda-beda. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi jenis tiap zona berbeda penelitian kualitatif deskriptif, teknik pengambilan data menggunakan 3 cara yaitu, Hand col...

In this study, mitochondrial sequences were used to investigate the relationships among the major lineages of Arthropoda. The data matrix used for the analyses includes 84 taxa and 3918 nucleotides representing six mitochondrial protein-coding genes (atp6 and 8, cox1-3, and nad2). The analyses of nucleotide composition show that a reverse strand-bias, i.e., characterized by an excess of T relat...

Did segmented body plans evolve just once, or repeatedly among the animals? This question has become all the more controversial, now that molecular phylogenetic trees make it clear that the three major clades of segmented animals, vertebrates, annelids and the pan-arthropoda, each lies within a different major clade of the animals. If we are to have any hope of understanding the origins of segm...

Did segmented body plans evolve just once, or repeatedly among the animals? This question has become all the more controversial, now that molecular phylogenetic trees make it clear that the three major clades of segmented animals, vertebrates, annelids and the pan-arthropoda, each lies within a different major clade of the animals. If we are to have any hope of understanding the origins of segm...

Many physiological functions in arthropoda are carried out in an orderly manner with the help of their body fluids. The number of hemocytes investigated differs according to the subtexon of Arthropoda. The techniques and procedure for preparations, fixation and staining techniques have impact on the reaction of hemocytes; as a consequence the characteristics on which the nomenclature of hemocyt...

Did segmented body plans evolve just once, or repeatedly among the animals? This question has become all the more controversial, now that molecular phylogenetic trees make it clear that the three major clades of segmented animals, vertebrates, annelids and the pan-arthropoda, each lies within a different major clade of the animals. If we are to have any hope of understanding the origins of segm...

Morphological data traditionally group Tardigrada (water bears), Onychophora (velvet worms), and Arthropoda (e.g., spiders, insects, and their allies) into a monophyletic group of invertebrates with walking appendages known as the Panarthropoda. However, molecular data generally do not support the inclusion of tardigrades within the Panarthropoda, but instead place them closer to Nematoda (roun...