Graphite crystallizes in both hexagonal (2H) and rhombohedral (3R) systems. It is known that the 3R modification in graphite occurs locally by grinding of 2H crystal, and disappears by annealing at high temperature or decomposition of its intercalation compounds [Boehm 1955]. It was reported that the 3R phase content in artificial graphite, which was estimated from the integrated intensities of...

We developed a method of identifying the structural defects in graphitic materials by an anisotropic etching technique. Intrinsic and oxygen- or argon- plasma induced artificial defects' density and domain size can be obtained easily and precisely. It was inferred, through our investigations, that the grade ZYA highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) sample has a better crystal quality, with ...

This paper presents a novel method to fabricate temperature sensor arrays by dispensing a graphite-polydimethylsiloxane composite on flexible polyimide films. The fabricated temperature sensor array has 64 sensing cells in a 4×4 cm2 area. The sensor array can be used as humanoid artificial skin for sensation system of robots. Interdigitated copper electrodes were patterned on the flexible polyi...

In recent years, many studies have focused on the active materials of anodes to improve the performance of LIBs, while limited attention has been given to polymer binders, which act as inactive ingredients. However, polymer binders have amazing influence on the electrochemical performance of anodes. Herein, to investigate the binding performance between MCMB artificial graphite and the copper c...

Evaporated carbon support films for transmission electron microscopy often contain carbonaceous contaminants. These include poorly graphitized carbon, fragments of graphite, and fullerene-like structures such as nanotubes and nanoparticles. In some cases, carbyne crystals may also be present. There are many examples in the carbon literature where these contaminants have been mistaken for sample...

The present study aims at designing a promising Microbial Fuel Cell (MFC) to utilize wastewater in order to generate electricity. Two types of salt bridge have been used in MFC (KCl and NaCl). The maximum electricity generation with 1M KCl and NaCl has been 823 and 713 mV, respectively. Varied salt concentrations (0.5M, 1M, 2M, and 3M) of salt bridge in MFC have been analyzed with different fac...

The present study aims at designing a promising Microbial Fuel Cell (MFC) to utilize wastewater in order to generate electricity. Two types of salt bridge have been used in MFC (KCl and NaCl). The maximum electricity generation with 1M KCl and NaCl has been 823 and 713 mV, respectively. Varied salt concentrations (0.5M, 1M, 2M, and 3M) of salt bridge in MFC have been analyzed with different fac...

Graphite felt modified with nanodispersed bismuth was studied as electrode in the positive half-cell of a vanadium redox flow battery (VRFB). The felt was easily modified by immersion in a Bi2O3 solution followed by thermal reduction at 450°C in air. Despite the low metal content (1 at. %), the Bi-modified felt showed an excellent electrochemical performance (at 1 mVs) in terms of anodic and ca...