Heart rate variability (HRV) is a measure of the balance between sympathetic mediators of heart rate that is the effect of epinephrine and norepinephrine released from sympathetic nerve fibres acting on the sino-atrial and atrio-ventricular nodes which increase the rate of cardiac contraction and facilitate conduction at the atrio-ventricular node and parasympathetic mediators of heart rate tha...

Four patients are described who exhibited prolonged Q-T intervals, multiple ventricular premature beats and ventricular tachycardia of the 'torsade de pointes' configuration whilst on treatment with prenylamine. In two of these patients, advanced atrio-ventricular block was established immediately following intravenous administration of lignocaine. The arrhythmia and the atrio-ventricular block...

Currently, no guidelines have been established for the treatment of atrio-esophageal fistula (AEF) secondary to left atrial ablation therapy. After comprehensive literature review, we aim to make suggestions on the management of this complex complication and also present a case series. We performed a review of the existing literature on AEF in the setting of atrial ablation. Using keywords atri...

INTRODUCTION Disturbances of the cardiac conduction system are potential complications after cardiac valve surgery. OBJECTIVES This study was designed to investigate the association between perioperative factors and atrio-ventricular block, the need for temporary cardiac artificial pacing and, if necessary, permanent pacemaker implantation after cardiac valve surgery. METHODS Retrospective ...

Duplication of an atrio-ventricular valve is a rare anomaly. In most instances the double, or even triple, atrio-ventricular orifice is on the left sidethe so-called "double mitral valve" (Hartmann, 1937; Wimsatt and Lewis, 1948; Schraft and Lisa, 1950; Prior, 1953; Wigle, 1957; Pachaly and Schultz, 1962; Edwards et al., 1965). Only exceptional cases of "double tricuspid valve" have been descri...

We report a patient who underwent radiofrequency ablation of the distal insertion of an atrio-fascicular accessory pathway with decremental properties because of inability to map a suitable potential alongside the tricuspid annulus. Small, discrete potentials resembling those of Purkinje fiber were found at right ventricular apex. All these potentials showed early activation during tachycardia ...

A 4-month-old female infant considered to be in good health died suddenly and unexpectedly. Post- mortem examination was requested, with clinical diagnosis of sudden infant death syndrome. At autopsy the infant was described in good health. Histo- logical examination of the heart found a cardiac fibroma compressing the atrio-ventricular node and the examination of the cardiac conduction system ...

introduction: recent studies have shown acute cardioprotective effects of cyclosporine. the aim of the present study was to determine the protective role of cyclosporine on the model simulated the rotational nodal arrhythmia (avnrt) by using extracellular field potential recordings of isolated atrioventricular-node (av-node) of rabbit. methods: this study was performed on isolated double-perfus...