BACKGROUND Augmentation index, a marker of central wave reflection, is influenced by age, sex, height, blood pressure, heart rate, and arterial stiffness. However, the detailed haemodynamic determinants of augmentation index, and their relations, remain uncertain. We examined the association of augmentation index with vascular resistance and other haemodynamic and non-haemodynamic factors. ME...

type 2 diabetes mellitus is associated with increased inflammation and accelerated atherosclerosis. the association of the pro-inflammatory and potentially pro-atherosclerotic molecule, pregnancy associated plasma protein-a (papp-a) with diabetes and vascular diseases remains to be further established. a total of 107 patients with type 2 diabetes and 101 healthy controls participated in this st...

Central pressure augmentation is associated with greater backward wave amplitude and shorter transit time and is higher in women for reasons only partially elucidated. Augmentation also is affected by left ventricular function and shapes of the forward and backward waves. The goal of this study was to examine the relative contributions of forward and backward wave morphology to central pressure...

Arterial stiffness leads to cardiac disorders, the degree of arterial stiffness can be obtained by calculating the augmentation index, arterial stiffness index and reflection index of a pulse wave. Three different algorithms can be used to determine the above indices i.e. finding local and global maxima and minima by slope gradient method, zero-crossing point identification and intersecting tan...

Normal insulin action in vivo involves a decrease in stiffness of large arteries (a decrease in aortic pressure augmentation). We determined whether the ability of insulin to decrease arterial stiffness is altered in uncomplicated type 1 diabetes. Nine type 1 diabetic men (age 28+/-2 years, body mass index 24+/-1 kg/m(2)) and 9 matched normal men were studied under normoglycemic hyperinsulinemi...

OBJECTIVES We examined the ability of ankle brachial index, C-reactive protein and central augmentation index to identify individuals in the general population with severe atherosclerosis, diagnosed as those with ischaemic cardiovascular disease. METHODS AND RESULTS We examined 4159 randomly sampled individuals from the Danish general population, of which 250 had severe atherosclerosis. After...

The augmentation index predicts cardiovascular mortality and is usually explained as a distally reflected wave adding to the forward wave generated by systole. We propose that the capacitative properties of the aorta (the arterial reservoir) also contribute significantly to the augmentation index and have calculated the contribution of the arterial reservoir, independently of wave reflection, a...

It is important to determine the cardiac risk of a patient in advance to prevent premature death. This paper gives a brief of the methods used so far to determine the cardiac risk of a patient from a PPG signal. It also compares the effectiveness of each article in various criteria including cost and the paper also presents a novel technique to determine the cardiac risk of a patient at reduced...

Background Arterial stiffness is an important predictor of cardiovascular risk in adult life. Increased arterial stiffness can also be present in children and may be associated with several other cardiovascular risk factors. Until now, however, we know little about measuring arterial stiffness in preschool children. In this study, we assessed the feasibility of measuring arterial stiffness in p...