Detection of fuel adulteration in real time is the most important need of the world as it generates the hazardous effects on the environment, living and nonliving things. Various automotive users and fuel providers may mix kerosene in petrol and diesel. Adulterated fuel increases air pollution, as well as reduces the performance of vehicle engines. Such a malpractice in fuel is prevailing becau...

reduction of exhaust emissions is a major research task in diesel engine development in view of increasing concerns regarding environmental protection and stringent exhaust gas regulations. simultaneousreduction of nox emissions and particulate matter is quite difficult due to the soot/nox trade-off and isoften accompanied by fuel consumption penalties. towards this aim, automotive engineers ha...

“X-Ray Vision”: Taking a Hard Look at Fuel Sprays and Combustion Argonne researchers are collaborating on a close-up study of diesel spray patterns and soot formation using the Advanced Photon Source here at the Laboratory. The APS makes it possible for scientists to examine these phenomena closer than ever before. The knowledge gained could lead to better-performing, loweremission injectors fo...

The production of synthetic fuels from alternative sources has increased in recent years as a cleaner, more sustainable source of transport fuel is now required. The European Commission has outlined renewable energy targets pertaining to transport fuel which must be met by 2020. In response to these targets Ireland has committed, through the Biofuels Obligation Scheme of 2008, to producing 3% o...

Diesel engines due to the better fuel economy have been widely used in automotive area. However, the limited reserve of fossil fuel and deteriorating environment have made scien‐ tists seek to alternative fuels for diesel while keeping the high efficiency of diesel engine. Fuel consumption is expected to increase from 86 million barrels per day to 112 million bar‐ rels per day by 2035 according...

here are six main classes of gaseous contaminants which are routinely described in Tautomotive exhaust (a term which will be used here to refer to both automobile and diesel exhaust). As shown in Table 1, carbon monoxide (CO) is the largest component of automobile exhaust whereas the oxides of nitrogen (NO ) constitute the main components of diesel exhaust. x Even though nitrogen oxides contrib...

Background Mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions from transportation sources will require implementation of a variety of strategies, including improvements in the efficiency of overall vehicle/fuel systems, such as hybrid and new high-efficiency diesel engines, and use of synthetic fuels to replace or supplement petroleum-based fuels. A particularly attractive class of synthetic fuels is oxyge...

This paper surveys recent and historical publications on automotive powertrain control. Controloriented models of gasoline and diesel engines and their aftertreatment systems are reviewed, and challenging control problems for conventional engines, hybrid vehicles and fuel cell powertrains are discussed. Fundamentals are revisited and advancements are highlighted. A comprehensive list of referen...

Soot sensors are required for on-board diagnostics (OBD) of automotive diesel particulate filters (DPF) to detect filter failures. Widely used for this purpose are conductometric sensors, measuring an electrical current or resistance between two electrodes. Soot particles deposit on the electrodes, which leads to an increase in current or decrease in resistance. If installed upstream of a DPF, ...

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