chicken infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) causes severe respiratory and renal dysfunction in chickens. in the present study, we used reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) to amplify the nucleocapsid (n) protein gene of strain massachusetts (mass) h120 of ibv that is commonly used in the vaccine production in iran. the pcr product with the expected size of 1.2 kb was cloned in...

this study was carried out to investigate the effects of treated protein supplements with tannin extracted from pistachio by-product (p-pb) on in vitro gas production using fistulated sheep. one portion of p-pb was mixed with four portions of water for 48 h. the extracted product was sprayed on soybean meal (sbm) or canola meal (cm) with an equal ratio (1:1 v/w) and dried in the shade. the expe...

Background: Thrombopoietin (TPO) is an important cytokine that has a critical role in regulating hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) proliferation and megakaryocyte differentiation. Because of scares amount of this protein in human plasma, in many biotechnological centers around the world, recombinant production of this protein has been carried out. This study was aiming to gene cloning and express...

protein secretory systems are found in all living organisms including gram negative bacteria, and eukaryotic cell’s organelles that are derived from these bacteria. unlike all other living organisms, gram negative bacteria have different protein secretory systems. at least there are four different independent secretory systems, which are responsible to transport the secreted proteins to the mil...

bacterial utilize a multitude of methods to secretion of specific substrate across phospholipid membranes. these bacterial strategies can play many roles in promoting bacterial process, from enhancing pathogenesis to bacterial response to environmental condition. the secretion in bacterial species transfer and release performance substance such as proteins, enzymes and metabolites to environmen...

A novel one-pot two step tandem reaction for the synthesis of indolizine-1-carbonitrile derivatives (5a-i) was identified. The route comprises 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction of aromatic aldehyde derivatives (1a-i), malononitrile (2) and 1-(2-(4-bromophenyl)-2-oxoethyl)-2-chloropyridin-1-ium (4) under ultrasound irradiation at room temperature in the presence of triethylamine at acetonitrile...

Knowing the nucleotide sequence of the cholera toxin operon, we designed oligonucleotide primers for its-PCR amplification from local clinical isolates of V. cholerae. The resulting amplification product was cloned in a common pUC18 vector. Subsequently, a part of this operon encoding the cholera toxin Bsubunit (CTB) was reamplified and cloned between the BamH1 and EcoR1 sites of the same ...

A novel one-pot two step tandem reaction for the synthesis of indolizine-1-carbonitrile derivatives (5a-i) was identified. The route comprises 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction of aromatic aldehyde derivatives (1a-i), malononitrile (2) and 1-(2-(4-bromophenyl)-2-oxoethyl)-2-chloropyridin-1-ium (4) under ultrasound irradiation at room temperature in the presence of triethylamine at acetonitrile...