Timescales of magma ascent in conduit models are typically assumed to be much longer than crystallization and gas exsolution for basaltic eruptions. However, it is now recognized that basaltic magmas may rise fast enough for disequilibrium processes to play a key role on the ascent dynamics. The quantification of the characteristic times for crystallization and exsolution processes are fundamen...

Hornblende occurs in some andesitic and basaltic rocks of calc-alkaline affini1y, where it is commonly associated with olivine. The texture, eruption history, and composition are interpreted to indicate that hornblende commonly forms as a product of reaction between olivine and basaltic and andesitic liquids. The natural hornblendes probably formed within the crust at temperatures between 960o ...

Multispectral images of the basaltic surface of Venus obtained by Venera 13 were processed to remove the effects of orange-colored incident radiation resulting from interactions with the thick Venusian atmosphere. At visible wavelengths the surface of Venus appears dark and without significant color. High-temperature laboratory reflectance spectra of basaltic materials indicate that these resul...

This contribution assesses the availability of catabolic energy for microbial life during water-rock reactions in the flanks of mid-ocean ridges, where basaltic and ultramafic rocks interact with circulating seawater. In addition to equilibrium thermodynamic computations, results for kinetic reaction paths are presented. In these calculations, it is assumed that dissolution of olivine and basal...

Introduction: Basaltic rocks available for laboratory study include samples from the Earth, Moon, Mars and at least seven asteroids – the parent bodies of eu-crites (probably 4 Vesta), angrites, mesosiderites, and Shock Effects in Retrieved Lunar Rocks: None of the shock effects in Apollo samples were produced during launch of these rocks off the lunar surface. Consequently , most Apollo mare b...

Volcán San Pedro in the Andean Southern Volcanic Zone (SVZ) Consequently, the role of young, unradiogenic hydrous gabbro in Chile, comprises Holocene basaltic to dacitic lavas with trace generating dacite and contaminating basalt may be underappreciated element and strontium isotope ratios more variable than those of in the SVZ. most Pleistocene lavas of the underlying Tatara–San Pedro complex....

Introduction: Basaltic pyroclastic rocks are uncommon on Earth because most mafic magmas are too volatile-poor to drive explosive eruptions [3-4]. However, basaltic pyroclastic deposits maybe much more common on Mars than on Earth [4-7] because Mars’ lower gravity and thinner atmosphere permit explosive eruptions from magmas with lower volatile contents. Though rare, basaltic pyroclastic rock o...