The main disadvantage of biodiesel is its high price. The price of biodiesel depends on various factors such as the price of oil, methanol, catalyst, and labor. Among dif-ferent economic factors, oil accounts for the largest share of input costs of biodiesel production. In this study, first, suitable heterogeneous catalysts were identified for biodiesel production. Several studies were carried ...

The synthesis of either monoor bis-adducts via Michael reaction between active methylene compounds and α,β-unsaturated reagents is reported. These processes are catalyzed by two heterogeneous basic catalysts, namely KG-NEt2 and KG-TBD. Both catalysts show good catalytic efficiency and can be reused several times fully preserving their efficiency. The process could be efficiently performed under...

Microalgae have been receiving worldwide attention as promising feedstock for production of carbon neutral biodiesel. As an alternative fuel, biodiesel is very imperative for the sustainable development of mankind. Biodiesel production process is generally carried out through upstream and downstream processing to generate cellular biomass, extracted oil and finally transesterification reaction....

Cross-linked poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP) is a heterogeneous and polymeric support that has been widely used in the preparation of numerous reagents and catalysts because of its commercial availability, stability, reasonable high loading capacity, good physicochemical structure and facile functionalization. Beside various applications in industry such as stabilizer, sugar coating and film coati...

Cross-linked poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP) is a heterogeneous and polymeric support that has been widely used in the preparation of numerous reagents and catalysts because of its commercial availability, stability, reasonable high loading capacity, good physicochemical structure and facile functionalization. Beside various applications in industry such as stabilizer, sugar coating and film coati...

Development of highly active heterogeneous catalysts is an effective strategy for modern organic synthesis chemistry. In this work, acidic mesoporous zeolite ZSM-5 (HZSM-5-M), acidic-free mesoporous zeolite TS-1 (TS-1-M), and basic ETS-10 zeolite supported metal Cu catalysts were prepared to investigate their catalytic performances in the hydroxysulfurization of styrenes with diaryl disulfides....

In this article, the high potential of the fluorolytic sol-gel process to synthesise nanoscopic metal fluorides with different acid-base properties is shown. These nanoscopic materials exhibit high potential to be used as heterogeneous catalysts due to their high surface areas and their tunable surface properties. Thus, for each specific reaction the required surface properties of the catalysts...

a mild and green method has been developed for the preparation of coumarins derivatives through the one-pot reactions. in our study,various phenols and ethyl acetoacetate compound in which we used silica-supported boron sulfonic acid [sio2/b(so4h)3] as a new, highly efficient and tri-functional inorganic brønsted acid catalyst were processed under solvent-free condition and thermal. the catalys...

The catalytic activities of an equal amount of 3 different carbon supported catalysts containing 10% Pt, 20% Pt + 10% Ru, and 30% Pt were evaluated in neutral and basic media for methanol oxidation by cyclic voltammetry. The prominent oxidation peak for methanol appeared in the forward anodic sweep at around 1.0 V in neutral medium, while in basic medium it appeared at significantly lower poten...

two-component reaction of 2-aminobenzophenones with acetylenic esters in the presence of γ-al2o3 and cu/zno as suitable heterogeneous catalysts has been studied. nano γ-al2o3 and cu/zno showed high activities when used as surface catalysts for the synthesis of quinoline derivatives. after completion of the reaction, the catalyst was recovered and reused several times under the same reaction con...