This paper examines the ramifications of late twentieth century water management schemes–especially those initiated by the Republic of Turkey–for the riparians of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers. The Turks’ geographical position, and their ability to construct large water storage systems, has essentially given them command of the headwaters of the Euphrates and, to a lesser degree, the Tigris. ...

Global agricultural production is heavily sustained by irrigation, but irrigation system efficiencies are often surprisingly low. However, our knowledge of irrigation efficiencies is mostly confined to rough indicative estimates for countries or regions that do not account for spatiotemporal heterogeneity due to climate and other biophysical dependencies. To allow for refined estimates of globa...

Rising demand for food, fiber, and biofuels drives expanding irrigation withdrawals from surface water and groundwater. Irrigation efficiency and water savings have become watchwords in response to climate-induced hydrological variability, increasing freshwater demand for other uses including ecosystem water needs, and low economic productivity of irrigation compared to most other uses. We iden...

this study evaluates the effect of irrigation method on the water use efficiency and yield of onions at the zahak agricultural research station in sistan province. the testing was conducted using a split plot arrangement and a randomized complete block design with three replications during the 2005-2006 crop seasons. irrigation methods were basin and drip tape irrigation and the irrigation leve...

Groundwater-fed irrigation has altered surface and groundwater interactions in the Republic River basin (RRB) in the midwestern United States, where agriculture heavily depends on irrigation. The decreasing flow trend recorded at the RRB gauging station since the 1950s reflects the synthetical effect of dynamic interactions between surface water and groundwater systems, which has been enhanced ...

The present study dealt with the real-world problem of irrigation water management of evolving suitable cropping pattern, which should be in harmony with optimal operation of the multi-reservoir system in the basin. The Narmada river basin system, comprising 11 reservoirs either existing, planned or under construction, has been ®rst simulated and analyzed. The time horizon used to simulate the ...

Sustaining irrigated agriculture to meet food production needs while maintaining aquatic ecosystems is at the heart of many policy debates in various parts of the world, especially in arid and semi-arid areas. Researchers and practitioners are increasingly calling for integrated approaches, and policy-makers are progressively supporting the inclusion of ecological and social aspects in water ma...

The Aral Sea basin (ASB) is one of the most environmentally vulnerable regions to climate change and human activities. During the past 60 years, irrigation has greatly changed the water distribution and caused severe environmental issues in the ASB. Using remote sensing data, this study investigated the environmental changes induced by irrigation activities in this region. The results show that...

Water is essential for life. Specifically in the oases of inland arid basins, water is a critically limited resource, essential for the development of the socio-economy and the sustainability of eco-environmental systems. Due to the unique hydrological regime present in arid oases, a moderate groundwater table is the goal of sustainable water management. A shallow water table induces serious se...