Several issues relating to oppositely directed phase velocity and power flow are reviewed. A necessary condition for the occurrence of this phenomenon in isotropic dielectric–magnetic mediums is presented. Ramifications for aberration–free lenses, homogenization approaches, and complex mediums are discussed.

CONTEXT Investigating the information reported by mediums is ultimately important in determining the relationship between brain and consciousness in addition to being of deep concern to the public. OBJECTIVE This triple-blind study was designed to examine the anomalous reception of information about deceased individuals by research mediums under experimental conditions that eliminate conventi...

High rate of fetal mortality in ruminant somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) pregnancies is due, at least in part, to immune-mediated abortion of fetuses. In the present study, goat uterine leukocytes were isolated by Dolichos biflorus agglutinin (DBA) coated magnetic beads, and with majority being were CD56+CD16- in phenotype with low levels of perforin and Granzyme B expression. The response...

Technologies such as videos, toys, and video games are used as tools in delivering education to young children. Do children spontaneously transfer between virtual and real-world mediums as they learn? Fifty-six children learned facts about a toy dog presented through varying levels of technology and interactivity (e.g., video game, stuffed animal, picture books). They then met a similar dog cha...

Mediums claim to be able to communicate with the deceased. Such claims attract a considerable amount of public interest and, if valid, have important implications for many areas of psychology. For over 100 years, researchers have tested alleged mediums. This work has obtained mixed results and provoked a considerable amount of methodological debate. This paper reviews the key issues in this deb...

In this work, we suggest and demonstrate a robust method to tune the plasma frequencies of wire mediums. The method we suggest involves the use of two or more wire arrangements in the unit cell. By incorporating the method we suggested it is possible to tune the plasma frequencies of wire mediums effectively by use of lower metal densities. In addition, we study the effective permittivities and...

Online learning provides the potential for more differentiated, integrated, and open learning environments to solve team project assignments. We argue that although it is feasible to increase information richness via adopting multimedia technologies, the effectiveness to promote interpersonal skills, critical thinking, and cognitive learning processes via virtual group discussion is uncertain. ...

CONTEXT The examination of the accuracy and specificity of information reported by mediums addresses the existence of non-local information transfer. OBJECTIVE This study was designed to replicate and extend a previous methodology achieving positive findings regarding the anomalous reception of information about deceased individuals by research mediums under experimental conditions that elimi...

Steganography has proven to be one of the practical ways of securing data. It is a new kind of secret communication used mainly to hide secret data inside other innocent digital mediums. Most of existing steganographic techniques use digital multimedia files as cover mediums to hide secret data. Audio files and signals make appropriate mediums for steganography due to the high data transmission...