ABSTRACT: Patients with acute renal failure often have a negative energy balance, which promotes metabolic changes predisposing to complications. The objective of this study was evaluate laboratory parameters 30 dogs severe failure, assess their relationship the possibility developing pancreatitis due and correlate these findings degree failure. Serum concentrations urea, creatinine, beta-hydro...

Ketones can reactivate the production of fetal hemoglobin (HbF) in vitro and in vivo. A reactivation of HbF by ketones, which are generated during starvation, remains largely speculative. Therefore, we investigated HbF in 31 women with anorexia nervosa or bulimia, using both of these as models of intermittent starvation ketosis. For comparison, we also studied 42 female control subjects matched...

1. The respiration of rat liver mitochondria was compared with different substrates, and with sucrose and saline media. The maximum rates of oxidation obtainable from glutamate, oxoglutarate, glutamate+malate, or succinate were higher in the saline (120mm)-tris (20mm) media than in sucrose (250mm)-tris (20mm) mixtures, but the rate with beta-hydroxybutyrate was unchanged. Addition of valinomyci...

This study tested the hypothesis that an acute infusion of beta-hydroxybutyrate inhibits myocardial fatty acid uptake and oxidation in vivo. Anesthetized pigs were untreated (n = 6) or treated with an intravenous infusion of fat emulsion (n = 7) to elevate plasma free fatty acid levels. A third group received fat emulsion plus an intravenous infusion of beta-hydroxybutyrate (25 micromol.kg-1.mi...

1,3-Butanediol is an ethanol dimer that induces systemic ketosis. It has previously been shown to increase hypoxic survival time and reduce neurologic deficit in several experimental preparations. The aim of this study was to determine if the mechanism of 1,3-butanediol-induced cerebral protection was elevation of blood ketone levels, blood glucagon levels, or both. Blood beta-hydroxybutyrate l...

This is an automated method for the kinetic measurement of the combined concentrations of acetoacetate and beta-hydroxybutyrate in a single channel of the "Multistat III" centrifugal analyzer. Acetoacetate is first reduced with high concentrations of NADH by catalysis with 3-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.30). This reaction mixture is diluted with excess NAD+. The endogenous beta-hydro...

The arteriovenous uptake differences for glucose, lactate, pyruvate, beta-hydroxybutyrate, and acetoacetate were measured in vessels across squamous cell carcinomas in ten selected patients with tumors of the head and neck. All tumors measured took up glucose, pyruvate, beta-hydroxybutyrate, and acetoacetate. They could either produce, take up, or maintain a constant level of lactate. These tum...

The relationship between butirosin biosynthesis and certain biochemical characteristics related to sporulation in a strain of Bacillus circulans NRRL B-3313 was examined. The cellular content of dipicolinic acid increased while the amount of poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate decreased with changes in antibiotic productivity. Oligosporogenous mutants failed to synthesize the antibiotic and to degrade po...

Glucagon has been shown previously to increase further the enhanced tolerance for hypoxia observed in mice with elevated blood ketones. Glucagon is also known to increase blood glucose and to alter directly the metabolism of some (liver) cells. Both the increase in blood glucose and altered cellular metabolism could contribute to the increase in tolerance for hypoxia observed in mice given gluc...

1. The rates of formation of acetoacetate and beta-hydroxybutyrate by the isolated perfused rat liver were measured under various conditions. 2. The rates found after addition of butyrate, octanoate, oleate and linoleate were about 100mumoles/hr./g. wet wt. in the liver of starved rats. These rates are much higher than those found with rat liver slices. 3. The differences between the rates give...