The growth of exchange-biased MnPd/Fe bilayers has been investigated using x-ray diffraction. The bilayers were deposited on MgO(001) substrates in an ultrahigh-vacuum ion-beam sputter system. It was found that the orientation of the MnPd unit cell and the crystalline quality could be controlled as a function of the deposition temperature. Twinned a-axis oriented MnPd films are obtained below 1...

Traditional theories of child language acquisition center around the existence of a language acquisition device which is speciically tuned for learning a particular class of languages. More recent proposals suggest that language acquisition is assisted by the evolution of languages towards forms that are easily learnable. In this paper, we evolve combinatorial languages which can be learned by ...

Abstract Does low trust in workers discourage firms from hiring? We conduct an experiment Ghana with real entrepreneurs who have the option to hire anonymous for a trivial but tedious task. Shirking attracts no penalty and completion of task is indicator trustworthiness. elicit employers' expectations study how they change random signals workers' previous behaviour. find that employers underest...

Sex-differences in human liver gene expression were characterized on a genome-wide scale using a large liver sample collection, allowing for detection of small expression differences with high statistical power. 1,249 sex-biased genes were identified, 70% showing higher expression in females. Chromosomal bias was apparent, with female-biased genes enriched on chrX and male-biased genes enriched...

A geometric lattice is a frame if its matroid, possibly after enlargement, has a basis such that every atom lies under a join of at most two basis elements. Examples include all subsets of a classical root system. Using the fact that nitary frame matroids are the bias matroids of biased graphs, we characterize modular coatoms in frames of nite rank and we describe explicitly the frames that are...