The present study deals with the assessment of antimicrobial activity (antibacterial, antifungal and antiyeast) of bio-oil from Pongamia glabra, Mesua ferrea and Parachlorella spp deoiled cake. The bio-oil from the respective deoiled cakes were obtained via the process of pyrolysis (ambient to 500°C at a heating rate of 40°C/min) in a vertical tubular fixed bed reactor in nitrogen atmosphere. B...

Bio-oil produced from conventional flash pyrolysis has poor quality and requires expensive upgrading before it can be used as a transportation fuel. In this work, a high quality bio-oil has been produced using a novel approach where flash pyrolysis, catalysis and fractionation of pyrolysis vapors using two stage condensation are combined in a single process unit. A bench scale unit of 1 kg/h fe...

A pyrolysis study on a species of brown algae Saccharina japonica was carried out in a fixed-bed reactor. The yields of bio-oil and bio-char obtained at 450 C were 47 % and 33 %, respectively. The raw S, japonica, ethanol and acid pretreated samples and the resulting pyrolysis products were also characterized with respect to proximate and ultimate analysis, and higher heating value. The crude b...

The biomass i.e. wheat-hemlock used in this study was first characterized for its composition. The physical and chemical characterization of biomass was estimated using proximate analysis, calorific value, crystallinity, devolatilization behaviour, ultimate analysis, ICP-MS of ash, FT-IR, XRD, CHNS, and HPLC analysis. For commercial purpose the same biomass was used for conversion to bio-oil by...

A reactor was designed and commissioned to study the fast pyrolysis behavior of banagrass as a function of temperature and volatiles residence time. Four temperatures between 400 and 600°C were examined as well as four residence times between ~1.0 and 10 seconds. Pyrolysis product distributions of bio-oil, char and permanent gases were determined at each reaction condition. The elemental compos...

Pyrolitic conversion of lignocellulosic biomass, such as switchgrass and other agricultural residues, to bio-fuels is being considered for national energy security and for environmental advantages. Bio-oil, syngas and bio-char were produced and characterized from switchgrass at 400, 500 and 600 0C by pyrolysis. Bio-oil yield increased from 22 to 37%, syn-gas yield increased from 8 to 26%, and b...

Hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) of Litsea cubeba seed was conducted over different temperature (250-350°C), time (30-120 min), reactor loading (0.5-4.5 g) and Na2CO3 loading (0-10 wt.%). Temperature was the most influential factor affecting the yields of product fractions. The highest bio-oil yield of 56.9 wt.% was achieved at 290°C, 60 min, and reactor loading of 2.5 g. The presence of Na2CO3 ...

Background In this study, a two-step processing method (hydrothermal liquefaction followed by catalytic upgrading) was used to produce upgraded bio-oil. A comprehensive screening analysis of algal species, including four microalgae and four macroalgae, was conducted to bridge the gap between previous accounts of microalgae and macroalgae hydrothermal liquefaction and the upgrading process of th...

Abstract 5 The techno-economic potential of the UK poplar wood and imported oil palm empty fruit 6 bunch derived bio-oil integrated gasification and Fischer-Tropsch (BOIG-FT) systems for the 7 generation of transportation fuels and combined heat and power (CHP) was investigated. The 8 bio-oil was represented in terms of main chemical constituents, i.e. acetic acid, acetol and 9 guaiacol. The co...

Bio-oil is a dark brown, mobile liquid derived from the thermo-chemical processing of bio-mass. Bio-oils generally contain water and lignin. Lignins are highly-available, well-studied carbohydrate derivative known for their antioxidant properties. For asphalt pavements, oxidation can cause deterioration, a longterm aging process, and eventually result in cracking. Therefore, bio-oil could poten...