In the United States, primary bladder neoplasms account for 2%-6% of all tumors, with bladder cancer ranked as the fourth most common malignancy. Ninety-five percent of bladder neoplasms arise from the epithelium; the most common subtype is urothelial carcinoma, which accounts for 90% of cases. Squamous cell carcinoma accounts for 2%-15%, with rates varying widely according to geographic locati...

Cattle were fed a diet containing bracken fern in the continuation of a study of the urinary bladder neoplasms produced under these conditions. One of the cattle died of a traumatic pericarditis and had no bladder lesion at 485 days. The other six animals fed bracken fern for from 510 to 1920 days all had gross bladder neoplasms. Four of the six animals with gross bladder neoplasms had transiti...

Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)-associated follicular hypertrophy and hyperplasia as a mechanism of thyroid carcinogenesis in mice and rats G. A mechanistic relationship between thyroid follicular cell tumours and hepatocellular neoplasms in rodents Human renal-cell carcinoma—epidemiological and mechanistic aspects A. Mellemgaard Human renal carcinoma—pathogenesis and biology J.B. Beckwith a ...

Diabetes has been reported to increase the risk of malignant neoplasms of kidney and bladder, but the studies' results are still inconclusive. Age, sex, and geographical area-specific incidence and relative risks of above neoplasms are also scarce in the literature. We prospectively investigated the age, sex, geographical area-specific incidence and relative risks of kidney and bladder neoplasm...

Bladder leiomyomas are benign mesenchymal neoplasms and very rare urinary tumours that represent <0.5% of all bladder tumours, with only 250 cases reported worldwide to date [1,2]. Patients with bladder leiomyomas can be asymptomatic, but the majority present with obstructive symptoms (49%), irritative symptoms (38%) and hematuria (11%) [3,4]. The importance of recognizing their characteristic ...

Advances in imaging have an increasingly significant role in the diagnosis, staging and restaging of patients with bladder cancer. This paper reviews the current use of imaging in bladder neoplasms, comparing the different radiologic investigations, and discusses the potential applications of novel imaging techniques in the management of patients with bladder cancer.

Bladder leiomyomas are benign mesenchymal neoplasms and very rare urinary tumours that represent <0.5% of all bladder tumours, with only 250 cases reported worldwide to date [1,2]. Patients with bladder leiomyomas can be asymptomatic, but the majority present with obstructive symptoms (49%), irritative symptoms (38%) and hematuria (11%) [3,4]. The importance of recognizing their characteristic ...

BACKGROUND Light microscopic evaluation of cell morphology in preparations from urine or bladder washing containing exfoliated cells is a standard and primary method for the detection of bladder cancer and also malignancy from other parts of the urinary tract. The cytopathologic examination is a valuable method to detect an early recurrence of malignancy or new primary carcinoma during the foll...

Perivascular epithelioid cell neoplasms represent a group of uncommon mesenchymal tumours with as yet undiscovered benign counterpart. Although perivascular have been described arising in most organ systems well soft tissue and bone, only small number reported the bladder. To date, there is no agreed system for predicting behaviour these tumours. We describe case neoplasm bladder 57-year-old ma...