Health care workers are exposed to blood-borne pathogens, mainly the human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus. Infection by these viruses leads to chronic or fatal illnesses which are expensive and difficult to treat. Individuals who harbour these viruses may be asymptomatic and hence all patients should be assumed to harbour a blood-borne pathogen. All health care ...

Sharps injuries experienced by surgeons are common, but are under-recognised and under-reported. The overall risks of transmission of blood-borne viruses to surgeons are low, with hepatitis C posing the greatest transmission risk. Recent trials show that early treatment of acute hepatitis C results in a cure rate approaching 100%. Surgeons and theatre staff should be encouraged to report and fo...

background: thalassemia syndromes are the most common genetic disorders in the world. they happen due to genetic defects in process of haemoglobin synthesis, and would be classified to many groups mainly α and β, based on the kind of defect. anemia is the main clinical manifestation of this phenotype of disorder. in order to correct the chronic anemia in thalassaemic individuals, they may need ...

Background: Thalassemia syndromes are the most common genetic disorders in the world. They happen due to genetic defects in process of haemoglobin synthesis, and would be classified to many groups mainly α and β, based on the kind of defect. Anemia is the main clinical manifestation of this phenotype of disorder. In order to correct the chronic anemia in thalassaemic individuals, they may need ...

aim : this study was designed to evaluate the frequency of antibody against these viruses in individuals attending the endoscopy ward of taleghani hospital tehran, iran. background : blood-borne viruses such as hepatitis b and hepatitis c virus and htlv-1 virus are among the world’s public health problems. hepatitis viruses cause liver problems and htlv-1 infection can lead to adult t-cell lymp...

Introduction First identified in 2005, PARV4 is best characterized in Western cohorts where it is strongly associated with other blood borne viruses and occurs only in individuals with risk factors for parenteral infection (in particular, injecting drug users). However, studies in Africa have shown evidence of PARV4 in subjects with no clear risk factors for acquisition of blood borne viruses. ...