Introduction: The postmastectomy radiotherapy uses bolus to improve the coverage close to the skin; however, it needs to be removed in case of severe skin toxicity. This study investigated the effect of bolus parameters (i.e., frequency and thickness) for the superposition algorithm on skin dose in postmastectomy three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3D-CRT). <str...

This study attempts to analyze the effect of diverse parameters peristaltic flow second grade dusty fluid through a curved configuration. Stream function conversions are used model separate system equations for dust particles and fluid. The Perturbation technique is get analytical solutions results verified graphs. It noticeable that trapped bolus, compresses both with an increase in `the param...

Contrast-bolus tracking in the carotid bifurcation was accomplished using an MR angiographic technique with a 3D turbo field-echo readout (TR/TE = 6/3, flip angle = 50 degrees) modified by a keyhole scheme. Optimal visibility of the contrast bolus was achieved by digital subtraction from a reference volume. This technique reliably time-resolves the carotid arteries from the jugular veins.

OBJECTIVES Using a through-the-needle local anesthetic bolus technique, ultrasound-guided infraclavicular perineural catheters have been shown to provide greater analgesia compared to supraclavicular catheters. A through-the-catheter bolus technique, which arguably "tests" the anesthetic efficacy of the catheter before initiating an infusion, has been validated for infraclavicular catheters but...

A poor bolus injection results in an unsatisfactory quantitative radionuclide angiocardiogram in as many as 20% of children with possible, left-to-right (L-R) cardiac shunts. Deconvolution analysis was applied to similar studies in experimental animals to determine whether dependence on the input bolus could be minimized. Repeated good-bolus, prolonged (greater than 2.5 sec), or multiple-peak i...

Background: This study describes the possibility of implementing three-dimensional printing technology to create a precise construction of a planned bolus, based on computed tomography information stored in the Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) format file. Materials and Methods: &nbsp;To create the bolus with a 3D printer, we converted data in the DICOM format to the s...

The dynamics of a bolus transport through the esophagus are largely unexplored. To study this physiological process, we applied multiple intraluminal impedancometry in 10 healthy subjects. Three different protocols were used: 1) liquid bolus administered with subject supine, 2) liquid bolus with subject upright, or 3) semisolid bolus with subject supine. Transit of different parts of a bolus (b...

Introduction Absolute myocardial perfusion can be determined using first pass MR myocardial perfusion imaging with a Fermi-model constrained deconvolution [1]. In the analysis, a linear relationship between contrast concentration and signal intensity is mostly assumed. However, at high contrast concentration saturation effects cause a non linear effect. As low contrast concentrations limits the...

We have compared intermittent bolus and continuous infusion of extradural local anaesthetic for pain relief in a randomized, double-blind study of 48 patients who underwent major abdominal gynaecological surgery. Each patient received 5 ml of 0.375% bupivacaine hourly, either as a bolus over 5 min or as a constant infusion. Patients who received the intermittent administration technique maintai...

Background Myocardial ECV can be measured using T1 mapping before and after contrast if the contrast agent distribution between blood:myocardial is at equilibrium. Equilibrium distribution can be achieved with a primed contrast infusion (EQ-CMR), or may be approximated by the dynamic equilibration achieved by delayed post bolus measurement. This bolus only approach is highly attractive but curr...