The formations of THMs, HAAs, and HNMs from chlorination and chloramination of water from Jinlan Reservoir were investigated in this study. Results showed that monochloramine rather than chlorine generally resulted in lower concentration of DBPs, and the DBPs formation varied greatly as the treatment conditions changed. Specifically, the yields of THMs, HAAs and HNMs all increased with the high...

Large quantities of cephalosporins have entered into aquatic environment in recent years, posing potential adverse effect to human health and ecological safety. In this study, cefazolin, one of widely used cephalosporins, was targeted to explore its transformation behaviors in chlorination disinfection process. With the help of ultra high performance liquid chromatography and high resolution ma...

The use of chlorination to purify water supplies is considered one of the most important public health advances of the twentieth century. Following the 1908 introduction of widespread water chlorination, once-common diseases such as cholera, dysentery, and typhoid fever were practically eliminated. However, the chlorination cure-all proved to have a caveat: disinfection by-products (DBPs), whic...

On the basis of X-ray diffraction and mass spectrometric analysis of carrier γ-Al2O3 and catalysts CuCl2/CuCl on its surface, the chemical structure of the active centers of two types oxidative chlorination catalysts applied and permeated type of industrial brands "Harshow" and "MEDС-B" was investigated. On the basis of quantum-mechanical theory of the crystal, field complexes were detected by ...

To assess the effect of water chlorination by-products on specific birth defects, the authors conducted a nationwide cross-sectional study of 285,631 Norwegian births in 1993-1998. Risks of birth defects according to four chlorination by-product exposure categories were compared on the basis of chlorination (yes/no) and level of water color (mg Pt/liter), representing the amount of natural orga...

This study evaluated user preferences among three alternative in-home water treatment technologies suitable for households relying on trucked water in El Paso County, Texas, which is on the border with Mexico. The three technologies were: chlorination of household storage tanks, small-scale batch chlorination, and point-of-use ultraviolet disinfection. Fifteen households used each of the three ...

Poly(p-N-chlorostyrenesulphonamide) synthesized via direct chlorination of poly[(p-styrene) sulphonamide], can be used for selective chlorination of aromatic compounds. Aromatic rings of the anisole, p-xylene, ethylbenzene and toluene are chlorinated with good yields. The polymer can be recovery, rechlorinated and reused several times.

Abstract Chlorine disinfection has been reported to be ineffective in controlling RO membrane biofouling some projects. Feed water temperature is a crucial factor the formation of biofouling. It positive impact on wide application process ascertain whether chlorine can alleviate at low temperatures. In this study, effects chlorination feed (10 °C) were investigated by lab-scale apparatus. The f...

Background: Oxidation of apolipoprotein A-I by myeloperoxidase has been proposed to deprive HDL of its cardioprotective effects. Result: Tyrosine 192 is the major site of chlorination in apoA-I in both plasma and lesion HDL isolated from humans. Conclusion: Chlorination of apolipoprotein A-I by myeloperoxidase generates a dysfunctional form of HDL in vivo. Significance: Quantifying apolipoprote...