What are they? They occur when a wild population is reduced to a small number of individuals, and then increases again. They are typically caused by an environmental change such as unusual climatic conditions, or, increasingly, the actions of humans, as in over-hunting and habitat destruction. But if the population size is restored, everything ends up fine, surely? No. The small population size...

Purple areas represent the estimated density of the hub distributions (bottlenecks) and blue areas represent non-hub (non-bottlenecks) areas. (A) Comparison of the estimated density of distribution of miRNAs numbers between hubs (bottlenecks) and non-hubs (non-bottlenecks). (B) Comparison of the estimated density of the distribution of virus types between hubs (bottlenecks) and non-hubs (non-bo...

We introduce a method for constructing Weil-Petersson (WP) geodesics with certain behavior in the Teichmüller space. This allows us to study itinerary of among strata WP completion and its relation subsurface projection coefficients their end invariants. As an application we demonstrate disparity between short curves universal curve over geodesic those associated hyperbolic 3–manifold.

Bottlenecks play the key role in determining overall performance of manufacturing systems. Improving the performance of bottlenecks may lead to low inventory, appropriate utilization, short lead time and low schedule deviation. Therefore, consideration of bottlenecks is of prime importance at all levels of decision-making in production management practice (e.g. Production Planning and Control) ...

Hydride molecules lie at the base of interstellar chemistry, but synthesis sulfuretted hydrides is poorly understood and their abundances often crudely constrained. Motivated by new observations Orion Bar photodissociation region (PDR) – 1? resolution ALMA images SH + ; IRAM 30 m detections bright H 2 32 S, 34 33 S lines; 3 (upper limits); SOFIA/GREAT limits) we perform a systematic study chemi...