Diagnosis and differentiation of branchial cleft anomalies rest on higher imaging modalities such as computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). However, anatomical knowledge and meticulous characterization of anomaly on high resolution ultrasonography (HRUS) can clinch the diagnosis in most cases. Anomalies of the second branchial cleft account for 90% of the developmental ab...

INTRODUCTION First branchial cleft anomalies manifest with duplication of the external auditory canal. CASE REPORT This report features a rare case of microtia and congenital middle ear and canal cholesteatoma with first branchial fistula. External auditory canal stenosis was complicated by middle ear and external canal cholesteatoma, but branchial fistula, opening in the zygomatic root and a...

Branchial cleft cysts are common causes of congenital neck masses in the pediatric population. However, neonatal presentation of branchial cleft cysts is uncommon, but recognizable secondary to acute respiratory distress from airway compression or complications secondary to infection. We report a 1-day-old infant presenting with an air-filled neck mass that enlarged with Valsalva and was not as...