the present research is a field study in order to investigate scale and ways of doing breast self examination (bse). 270 nurses employed by the medical sciences university’s hospitals related to the ministry of health, and medical education in city of tehran are selected and involved in research on the basis of simple random sampling. the data collection tool was a protrayed questionnaire which...

introduction: of the factors leading to false negative results in mammography is breast tissue density, and by increasing the density of breast tissue in mammography, the mammography sensitivity decreases. on the other hand, increasing the breast tissue density leads to increased risk of breast cancer. various factors such as inheritance, genetics, hormonal and reproductive factors, and nutriti...

invasive apocrine carcinoma (iac) of the breast is a rare subtype of breast malignancy. its incidence is not well known, but it is approximately less than 1% to 4%. for these reasons, there are few reports and little information on the radiologic appearance of iac. furthermore, most of the case reports show malignant features which are similar to invasive ductal carcinoma (idc). we present a ra...

background: lactating adenoma is a benign breast mass related to physiological changes during pregnancy and increased estrogen level. fibroadenoma and breast cancer should be considered in the differential diagnosis of this lesion. the purpose of this study was to report cases of lactating adenoma in breast cancer research center (bcrc) and review the relevant literature. methods: all patients ...

background: general practitioners (gps) are usually the first-line doctors visiting patients with breast problems. therefore, their knowledge about breast diseases is of significant importance for proper screening and referral of patients and warrants scrutiny. the purpose of this study was to assess the knowledge of gps regarding different breast imaging modalities. methods: in this cross-sect...

the evaluate the diagnostic value of image guided fine needle aspiration (fna) in breast lesions, the cytologic results of 401 patients were studied. all patients had either unpalpable masses or lesions who were hardly possible to localize by palpation and fna was performed by single radiologist under ultrasound guide in all cases. the cytologic results were divided into four categories (inconc...

background: in some verses in holy quran; 233 surat al-baghare , 15 al-ahghaf , 14 loghman and 6 al-talagh, breastfeeding, gravidity, and parity recommended to the parents and expected their children to be accountable to the parents; particularly to mothers due to tolerate of pregnancy and breastfeeding duration. methods: the case-control study included 376 patients diagnosed between      2001-...

background dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (dce - mri) has been widely used in the management of breast cancer, and its diagnostic value in breast imaging has been demonstrated. there have only been a few reports regarding the usefulness of pre-contrast imaging. knowledge about clinically significant findings of preoperative, pre-contrast t1 and t2 mr images will allow more...

background: the role of the breast clinics is to diagnose breast cancer and reassure patients with benign disorders. one stop clinics - same day reporting - further reduce anxiety caused by the delay in the results. the first one stop clinic was introduced in squh–oman in september 2011. methods: this retrospective analysis of 395 consecutive cases presented to breast one stop clinic at squh wa...

background: the technique most frequently employed for breast reconstruction, either immediate (ibr) or delayed (dbr), is the insertion of a prosthesis. the placement of a foreign body always carries the risk, albeit small, of peri-prosthetic infection and exposure of the implant that necessitates its removal, signaling the temporary or permanent failure of the reconstruction. methods: we retro...