The term "custom" in English jurisprudence has been applied to such diverse bodies of law as public international law, the custom of Britain's constitution, the international law of merchants and even the common law itself.' The judicial doctrine of custom is more precise. It is the doctrine by which ancient customs practiced by a definite community in a distinct geographical locale, though con...

Immigration to the UK, particularly among more educated workers, has risen appreciably over the past 30 years and as such has raised labor supply. However studies of the impact of immigration have failed to find any significant effect on the wages of native-born workers in the UK. This is potentially puzzling since there is evidence that changes in the supply of educated natives have had signif...

during late qajar era, khorramshahr has gradually turned to an important center in iran’s economic and political sector. situated close to basra and on the other hand at the confluence of the karun river and arvand rud, near the persian gulf, navigability on this waterway that the city is situated on its banks and its easy accessibility to persian gulf, the increasing importance of oil issues, ...

A critical reassessment of the reception of early jazz in Britain Abstract The Original Dixieland Jazz Band’s visit in 1919-20 has been well documented as the beginning of jazz in Britain. This article illuminates a more complex evolution of the image and presence of jazz in Britain through consideration of the cultural and musical antecedents of the genre, including minstrel shows and black mu...

This paper is an observational study of particular historical trends in mortality inequality within Great Britain, comparing England and Wales with Scotland for the period 1925-2005. The inequalities in mortality within Great Britain have become more apparent over time. Growing inequality in premature mortality in Britain affected young Scottish men most severely after 1995. It would appear tha...

This paper uses the adoption and invention of the spinning jenny as a test case to understand why the industrial revolution occurred in Britain in the eighteenth century rather than in France or India. It is shown that wages were much higher relative to capital prices in Britain than in other countries. Calculation of the profitability of adopting the spinning jenny shows that it was profitable...

the processes of cultural transformation in britain in the second half of the 20th century, the fall of the empire, immigration from former colonies and the expansion of the multiculturalism, have influenced new ways of looking at the conceptions of identity of diasporic subjects within britain. examining these experiences, diasporic novelists write about the second generation immigrants in con...

a Cancer Research Campaign Laboratories, Paterson Institute for Cancer Research, Manchester (Great Britain), b Merck, Sharp and Dohme Research Laboratories, West Point, PA (U.S.A.), c Hazleton Microtest, York (Great Britain), a National Institute of Hygienic Sciences, Tokyo (Japan), e Hazleton Laboratories America, Kensington, M D (U.S.A.), I Imperial Chemical Industries, Manchester (Great Brit...

The Nazis were able to capitalize on this authoritarian conception, just as they were able to play on the differences between the more conventionally authoritarian and scientific supporters of racial hygiene and the radical anti-Semites and racists. Just as Weindling provides a more complex understanding of the German Sonderweg, so he demonstrates that the most extreme Nazi measures of forced s...