Gearboxes sustain a variety of faults such as broken-shafts, eroded, broken, or missing teeth, and even broken-cases. Casing mounted accelerometers can detect fault patterns but the signals are complicated and difficult to interpret. This study considers the tooth loading of ideal gears and gears with defects. A large industrial gearbox used in a 12m electric mining shovel is modeled. The nonli...

Background: In this research, a decision making system, based on fuzzy inference mechanism as proposed by Mamdani, is presented. Literature suggests that there is a lack of consistency among dentists in choosing treatment plan(s). So, this research work aims to facilitate the dentist decide the treatment plan(s) of the broken tooth. Methods: An expert system based on fuzzy logic has been design...

Kit Fine (2007) argues that Frege’s puzzle and its relatives demonstrate a need for a basic reorientation of the field of semantics. According to this reorientation, the domain of semantic facts would be closed not under the classical consequence relation but only under a stronger relation Fine calls “manifest consequence.” I examine Fine’s informally sketched analyses of manifest consequence, ...

UNLABELLED Instrument breakage during treatment can lead to serious complications and carries the risk of treatment failure. When a file breaks in the canal, bypassing or removal can be difficult and the long-term prognosis of the tooth may be compromised. Sometimes surgery may be indicated for removal of the broken segment. Often some part of the root cannot be cleaned because of blockage by t...

Since the advent of post and core systems, dentists have regularly accepted the traditional cast and post and core as choice of treatment modality to restore a badly broken root canal treated tooth. The important question being, if at all the cast, post is indicated in every case. Other concept being that a cast post compared to a prefabricated post improves the strength of a root canal treated...

This is a draft of a chapter for a book, Modification, in preparation for the Cambridge University Press series Key Topics in Semantics and Pragmatics. The full manuscript is also available as a single document on my website, as are some additional chapters. The book is something between a textbook for people who already have a basic background in semantics and a survey of work in the area. For...

Mucosal ulcers of less than 3 weeks' duration are usually identified. Lesional borders may be slightly raised, with a peripheral red halo. The center of the lesion is frequently filled with yellow to brown necrotic debris. The surface may be crusty, especially in the areas on the lips which are not continually bathed in saliva. The traumatic ulcer will often conform to the shape of the initiati...

BACKGROUND Little is known about oral health related to electronic-cigarette (EC) use, even though EC use is increasing rapidly. The aim of this study is to assess the relationship between EC use and oral health, including 'gingival pain and/or bleeding', 'tongue and/or inside-cheek pain', and 'cracked or broken teeth' among adolescents. METHODS A total of 65,528 students in 2016 were include...

A variety of metallic objects broken by the dentist or the patients have been discovered inside the root canals. A number of techniques are mentioned in the literature for the retrieval of these foreign objects from the root canals with minimal loss of tooth structure and to avoid surgical intervention. Most of these techniques are effective for the removal of broken files/instruments. But ther...