Smooth muscle constriction in asthma causes the airway to buckle into a rosette pattern, folding the epithelium into deep crevasses. The epithelial cells in these folds are pushed up against each other and thereby experience compressive stresses. To study the epithelial cell response to compressive stress, we subjected primary cultures of rat tracheal epithelial cells to constant elevated press...

Cell-generated mechanical forces drive many of the tissue movements and rearrangements that are required to transform simple populations of cells into the complex three-dimensional geometries of mature organs. However, mechanical forces do not need to arise from active cellular movements. Recent studies have illuminated the roles of passive forces that result from mechanical instabilities betwe...

Homogeneous global wrinkling patterns such as labyrinths, herringbones, ripples and straight stripes can be widely observed in natural and artificial systems, but localized wrinkling patterns (not including buckle-driven delaminations, folds, ridges and creases) are seldom observed in experiments. Here we report on the spontaneous formation of highly ordered wrinkled stripes localized by cracks...

rugae), rat (8) and golden hamster (7). We showed that palatal growth rate, spacing and addition rate in mouse/rat were remarkably similar (with respect to the embryo size difference), and that increase to 9 rugae in mouse is achieved by postponing the end of the addition process (hypermorphosis). Such a heterochronic shift may be typical of 1 variations observed among muroid rodents. In contra...

BACKGROUND The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the microbiological spectrum and antimicrobial susceptibility in patients with scleral buckle infection. Medical records of all the patients diagnosed as buckle infection at L. V. Prasad Eye Institute between July 1992 and June 2012 were reviewed in this non-comparative, consecutive, retrospective case series. FINDINGS A total of 132...

BACKGROUND For decades, the Stroke Buckle region in the southeastern USA has had a high incidence of deaths from cerebrovascular disease relative to the rest of the country. We test here the possibility that temporary exposure to the Stroke Buckle can explain some of the excessive stroke mortality there. METHODS We examined all US death records between 1979 and 1988, noting whether individual...

CASE REPORT Intrusion is defined as erosion and protrusion of the scleral implant into the vitreous cavity. This condition may occur as a retinal detachment, vitreous hemorrhage, endophthalmitis or be without symptoms. We performed a vitrectomy alone in a patient with relapsing vitreous hemorrhage secondary to the intrusion of a scleral buckle implanted 19 years previously and left intact the i...

Lipid monolayers at an air-water interface can be compressed laterally and reach high surface density. Beyond a certain threshold, they become unstable and collapse. Lipid monolayer collapse plays an important role in the regulation of surface tension at the air-liquid interface in the lungs. Although the structures of lipid aggregates formed upon collapse can be characterized experimentally, t...