BACKGROUND AND AIMS Exogenous ethylene has recently gained commercial interest as a sprouting inhibitor of onion bulbs. The role of ethylene in dormancy and sprouting of onions, however, is not known. METHODS A cultivar (Allium cepa 'Copra') with a true period of dormancy was used. Dormant and sprouting states of onion bulbs were treated with supposedly saturating doses of ethylene or with th...

Aside being a key nocturnal Agricultural pest, the two spotted cricket is an important source of protein for humans and livestock. While control is largely by synthetic pesticides, collection is majorly through hand picking and pouring of water into their burrows. In this study, we determined their phototactic response to LED and incandescent bulb light of different colours. An experiment was s...

THE discovery that many strainis of staphylococci produce a toxini (Neisser and XVNlechsberg, 19011; Kraus anid Pibream, 19062; Parker, 19243; and Burnet, 19294) has thrown fresh light on the problem of the treatment of staphylococcal lesions. From staphylococcal toxin, Panton, Valentine, and Dix (1931)5 successfully prepared staphylococcal toxoid. In 1933 Parish6 found that staphylococcal toxo...

Parallel to the olfactory system, most mammals possess an accessory olfactory or vomeronasal system. The olfactory and vomeronasal epithelia project to the main and accessory olfactory bulbs, which in turn project to adjacent areas of the telencephalon, respectively. New data indicate that projections arising from the main and accessory olfactory bulbs partially converge in the rostral telencep...

Besides onions being one of the most cultivated and consumed vegetables, during storage onion bulbs are still affected by many physiological, biochemical and technological factors which can influence their quality. Respiration rate (RR O2 ), soluble sugars (SS), total phenolics (TP), and peroxidase (POD) activity were measured in inner bud tissues during a dormancy break of onion bulbs treated ...

The onion lachrymatory factor (LF) is produced from trans-S-1-propenyl-L-cysteine sulfoxide (PRENCSO) through successive reactions catalyzed by alliinase (EC 4.4.1.4) and lachrymatory factor synthase (LFS), and is responsible for the tear inducing-property and the pungency of fresh onions. We developed tearless, non-pungent onions non-transgenically by irradiating seeds with neon-ion at 20 Gy. ...

Vacuoles are dynamic compartments with constant fluctuations and transient structures such as trans-vacuolar strands and bulbs. Bulbs are highly dynamic spherical structures inside vacuoles that are formed by multiple layers of membranes and are continuous with the main tonoplast. We recently carried out a screen for mutants with abnormal trafficking to the vacuole or aberrant vacuole morpholog...

Bulbs of tulip (Tulipa gesneriana L. `Gander'), in which the formation of ̄oral organs had been completed, were chilled at 28C for 3±30 weeks and then forced hydroponically at 208C under a 12 h photoperiod with the light at 100 mmol mÿ2 sÿ1. The fresh weight and the perianth length of the cut ̄ower highly correlated with the dry weights of shoots and ̄oral organs at anthesis, respectively. The d...

To elucidate the genes involved in the formation of white and black plumage in ducks, RNA from white and black feather bulbs of an F(2) population were analyzed using RNA-Seq. A total of 2,642 expressed sequence tags showed significant differential expression between white and black feather bulbs. Among these tags, 186 matched 133 annotated genes that grouped into 94 pathways. A number of genes...

Axons in the CNS do not regrow after injury, whereas lesioned axons in the peripheral nervous system (PNS) regenerate. Lesioned CNS axons form characteristic swellings at their tips known as retraction bulbs, which are the nongrowing counterparts of growth cones. Although much progress has been made in identifying intracellular and molecular mechanisms that regulate growth cone locomotion and a...