Quantitative methods for characterizing both variability and uncertainty are applied to case studies of emission factors for stationary natural gas-fueled internal combustion engines. NOx and Total Organic Carbon (TOC) emission data sets for lean burn engines were analyzed. Data were available for uncontrolled engines and for engines with pre-combustion chamber (PCC) and "clean burn" NOx contro...

“...capital account liberalization is...similar to the issue of how the human race should make use of fire. Fire warms our homes. It cooks our food, our internal combustion engines. It powers our automobiles and trucks and our turbojets. It powers our airplanes. No doubt, fire is very useful, and we are not going to give up its manifold benefits. On the other hand, fire can also burn you down a...

Legislation limiting NO x and CO emissions from production natural gas engines dictate a need for greater understanding of the mechanisms governing these pollutants' formation. This work concerns the formulation of a one dimensional, multizoned, thermochemical model incorporating detailed kinetics for calculating NO and CO emissions from small, lean burning natural gas engines. The model calcul...

We have studied the ignition of liquid fuel and certain solid fuels by the photoignition of single wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs). Our investigation includes the effect of solid additives such as aluminum nano-particles and solid oxidizers such as ammonium perchlorate (AP) on the photoignition characteristics. We have shown that by mixing CNT with other nanoparticles and powdered material, the ...

The usage of lean-burn engines is a promising strategy for improving the fuel economy of vehicles and reducing the emission of greenhouse gas CO2. The most complex challenge for leanburn engines is the need to find a solution for the increased levels of NOx emissions. Lean NOx trap (LNT) or NOx storage-reduction (NSR) catalysts provide a very effective method for NOx removal in lean-burn gasoli...

CFD Based Shape Optimization of IC Engine — Intense competition and global regulations in the automotive industry has placed unprecedented demands on the performance, efficiency, and emissions of today’s IC engines. The success or failure of a new engine design to meet these often-conflicting requirements is primarily dictated by its capability to provide minimal restriction for the inducted an...

This work shows the results of an experimental campaign carried out in two spark ignition engines, a small optical research engine and its commercial counterpart, using turbulent system (pre-chamber) specifically designed for engines. Advanced techniques conventional methods were used to study combustion process under various operating conditions. The pre-chamber operated actively passively eng...