A fast algorithm based on a butterfly structure is presented that demultiplexes the symbols of a particular type of MC-MA (Multi-Carrier Multiple-Access) modulation previously proposed for indoor radio communications [1]. A special transform is used to packetize the different symbols on the down-link such that the code sequences associated with the different symbols are transmitted synchronousl...

Since knowledge on hydrodynamic torque of a butterfly valve is very important for butterfly valve design, its hydrodynamic torque is investigated in this paper. In reality, the investigation of the loss coefficient and torque from some experiments will take a long time and a lot of money. This paper presents a statistical study of the flow past the butterfly valve in a static analysis using com...

purpose: to report a case of butterfly-shaped macular dystrophy. patient and findings: a 34-year-old woman presented with metamorphopsia in both eyes from 2 years ago. visual acuity was 9/10 in right eye and 10/10 in left eye. there was no pathologic finding on slit lamp biomicroscopy and funduscopy other than mild macular retinal pigment epithelium mottling. visual fields and electroretinogram...

IN THE TITLE COMPOUND (SYSTEMATIC NAME 2-{4-[3-(5H-dibenz[b,f]azepin-5-yl)prop-yl]piperazin-1-yl}ethanol), C(23)H(29)N(3)O, the 5H-dibenz[b,f]azepine and piperazine rings adopt boat and chair conformations, respectively, and the overall shape of the fused ring part of the molecule is a butterfly. In the crystal, O-H⋯N and C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds link the mol-ecules into a layer parallel to the bc ...

since knowledge on hydrodynamic torque of a butterfly valve is very important for butterfly valve design, its hydrodynamic torque is investigated in this paper. in reality, the investigation of the loss coefficient and torque from some experiments will take a long time and a lot of money. this paper presents a statistical study of the flow past the butterfly valve in a static analysis using com...

The distributions of most pollinator species are poorly documented despite their importance in providing ecosystem services. While these and other organisms are threatened by many aspects of the human enterprise, anthropogenic climate change is potentially the most severe threat to pollinator biodiversity. Mounting evidence demonstrates that there have already been biotic responses to the relat...

In this paper, we present a new extension of the butterfly digraph, which is known as one of the topologies used for interconnection networks. The butterfly digraph was previously generalized from binary to d-ary. We define a new digraph by adding a signed label to each vertex of the d-ary butterfly digraph. We call this digraph the dihedral butterfly digraph and study its properties. Furthermo...

PURPOSE To evaluate results of two surface excimer laser refractive surgery techniques--photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) and butterfly laser epithelial keratomileusis (butterfly LASEK). METHODS A prospective, randomized, double-masked study of 51 patients (102 eyes) who underwent laser refractive surgery. One eye of each patient was randomized to be operated with PRK and the fellow eye with ...

The development of land for modern agriculture has resulted in losses of native prairie habitat. The small, isolated patches of prairie habitat that remain are threatened by fire suppression, overgrazing, and invasion by non-native species. We evaluated the effects of three restoration practices (grazing only, burning only, and burning and grazing) on the vegetation characteristics and butterfl...