The objectives of this study were (i) to develop a screening-level Quantitative property-property relationship (QPPR) for intrinsic clearance (CL(int)) obtained from in vivo animal studies and (ii) to incorporate it with human physiology in a PBPK model for predicting the inhalation pharmacokinetics of VOCs. CL(int), calculated as the ratio of the in vivo V(max) (μmol/h/kg bw rat) to the K(m) (...

Spontaneous mammary tumors were seen in seven of the 12 breeding female rats aged 2 years. All mammary tumors were diagnosed as mammary dysplasia (MD). Bone mineral contents (BMC) and bone mineral density (BMD) of their lumbar vertebrae and femur were determined using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). In rats with MD, body weight (BW), BMD of the lumbar vertebrae and BMC of the femur were...

PURPOSE To evaluate the best method for dosing busulfan in children, we retrospectively analyzed two different data sets from three different dosing regimens by means of population pharmacokinetics using NONMEM. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN The development data set consisted of plasma samples from 94 children, in the age range of 0.4 to 18.8 years, receiving either oral or intravenous busulfan. The ex...

The pharmacokinetics of lopinavir were investigated by the use of a population approach performed with the nonlinear mixed effect modeling program NONMEM and 157 children ranging in age from 3 days to 18 years. The pharmacokinetics of lopinavir were well described by a one-compartment model in which the absorption and the elimination rate constants were equal. Typical population estimates of th...

Inverse associations between size at birth and blood pressure (BP) in later life are commonly statistically significant only after adjustment for current size, consistent with change in size as the determinant. Few studies have been prospective or have included a range of potential confounders. Using regression models, including maternal and demographic variables, we examined associations betwe...

LLAMA is a subsystem designed for new hardware environments that supports an API for page-oriented access methods, providing both cache and storage management. Caching (CL) and storage (SL) layers use a common mapping table that separates a page’s logical and physical location. CL supports data updates and management updates (e.g., for index re-organization) via latch-free compare-and-swap atom...

the late eocene-early oligocene sarnowsar granitic rocks and many dacitic to rhyolitic dykesintruded in metamorphosed and metasomatized shale, sandstone, calcite and dolomite marbles andvolcaniclastic and pyroclastic rocks. as a result several million tons of iron ores formed within carbonaterocks in the sangan area. the sarnowsar granitic rocks are mainly granite to granodiorite, metaluminous,...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Recombinant factor IX Fc fusion protein (rFIXFc) is a clotting factor developed using monomeric Fc fusion technology to prolong the circulating half-life of factor IX. The objective of this analysis was to elucidate the pharmacokinetic characteristics of rFIXFc in patients with haemophilia B and identify covariates that affect rFIXFc disposition. METHODS Population p...