Plastome-genome incompatibility (PGI) is prevalent in several plants including the Zantedeschia species, a worldwide commercial flower crop native to South Africa. Generally, hybrids suffering from PGI appear less vigorous and more susceptible than normal plants. Previous reports revealed that the PGI level in interspecific hybrids is correlated with the relatedness of the parental species in t...

Recently researchers have developed soft actuators capable of morphing into complex shapes taking inspiration from nature. In this paper, we a splay-nematic liquid crystal polymer network tapered actuator that can morph flat film to cone, mimicking the blooming single petal Calla Lily flower. We demonstrated formation conical tubes through finite element simulations and experiments. The influen...

ABSTRACT Low-temperature storage is one of the most effective techniques to maintain quality and durability cut flowers. Both maintenance are dependent on plant metabolism factors such as antioxidant system. The objective was evaluate effect low-temperature precooling after harvest, calla lily [Zantedeschia aethiopica (L.) K. Spreng] concerning system, levels hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), malondial...