Nearly half of U.S. parents use physical punishment for child discipline. Although some studies relate physical punishment and later dysfunction, others suggest that its effects depend on the context in which it is used. The authors analyzed data from the Commonwealth Fund Survey of Parents With Young Children, a national sample of 2,017 parents with children younger than 3. Parents reported th...

abstract The notion of invariant subspaces is useful in a number of theoretical and practical applications. In this paper we give an elementary treatment of invariant subspaces that stresses their connection with simple eigenvalues and their eigenvectors.

Although political views have been thought to arise largely from individuals' experiences, recent research suggests that they may have a biological basis. We present evidence that variations in political attitudes correlate with physiological traits. In a group of 46 adult participants with strong political beliefs, individuals with measurably lower physical sensitivities to sudden noises and t...

This paper examines the link between currency unions and customs unions. The size of a bloc of countries practising some form of co-ordination of monetary policy is limited by the incentive to free-ride that formation of the bloc creates. However, when the threat of a trade war is introduced, the stable size of the bloc increases. This suggests that a) large currency areas are more likely to em...

This paper shows that on average, firms with higher levels of capital intensity experience larger responses in equity price to monetary policy action. This heterogeneous effect is economically large and statistically significant at high levels of confidence. These results suggest that monetary policy has important and substantial distributional implications on the US economy that can be measure...