BACKGROUND It has been suggested that host matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) present in dentin may be involved in caries progression, however, its response to caries is not known. Bone sialoprotein (BSP) has been implicated in dentin mineralization and MMP-2 modulation. OBJECTIVE To identify and compare the distribution of MMP-2 and BSP in healthy human coronal dentin and those with early ca...

Two-dimensional analyses of the histopathological aspect of carious lesions present bias that may compromise the scientific value of studies. In this paper, the authors present a new three-dimensional technique for the histopathological analysis of carious lesions. It consists in the dissection of the affected areas under the stereomicroscope, utilizing refrigerated dental burs, without any los...

OBJECTIVES To comparatively evaluate the efficacy of photo-activated disinfection (PAD), calcium hydroxide (CH) and their combination on the treatment outcome of indirect pulp treatment (IPT). MATERIALS AND METHODS Institutional ethical clearance and informed consent of the patients were taken. The study was also registered with clinical registry of India. Sixty permanent molars exhibiting de...

The understanding of the caries process and its effect on the pulp is presented in the context that caries does develop in various rates of progression. Early in the caries process, the pulp reflects changes within lesion activity. Thus, the early pulp response is reversible. Later, the rate of caries progression is reflected by the quality of the tertiary dentin. Slowly progressing lesions cre...

The understanding of the caries process and its effect on the pulp is presented in the context that caries does develop in various rates of progression. Early in the caries process, the pulp reflects changes within lesion activity. Thus, the early pulp response is reversible. Later, the rate of caries progression is reflected by the quality of the tertiary dentin. Slowly progressing lesions cre...

the extent to which oral streptococci or lactic acid producing bacteria are able to regulate pH value, especially at low pH values associated with dentinal carious activity using a PCR method. One millimeter-thick sections were sliced from 24 extracted carious human molars. The pH values on the tooth sections were evaluated using a pH-imaging microscope. A dentin sample (1×1×1mm) was prepared f...

The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the pH value of intact and carious dentin in primary teeth using a pH-imaging microscope (SCHEM-100, HORIBA Ltd., Kyoto, Japan). Bucco-lingual cut sections of extracted human primary teeth, which had either mild or severe dentinal caries lesions, were placed on the pH-imaging sensor of the microscope. The pH values were compared statistically by Le...

Dentin reactions to caries, crucial for pathogenesis and for the determination of the severity of caries lesions, are believed to be reasonably detected by stereomicroscopy (SM) and polarized light microscopy in quinoline (PLMQ), but accuracies are not available. Here, stereomicroscopy of wet (SW) and dry (SD) ground sections of natural occlusal caries lesions resulted in moderate (0.7, for nor...

The aims of this study were to examine the ultimate strength of the restored maxillary incisors with composite resin, dental amalgam and glassionomer cement as a transitional restoration. Fifty-six extracted human maxillary central incisors with intact and carious dentin were used. The control group consisted of eight unrestored teeth with intact dentin. Artificial defect in dentin was up to th...