Timely diagnosis is of great benefit to improve the survival rate cancer patients. Body fluid biomarker detection a critical kind noninvasive method for diagnosis. Nevertheless, traditional methods always rely on large-scale instrument and involve sophisticated operation. Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated protein (CRISPR/Cas)-based in vitro can simplify...

The Sulfolobales have provided good model organisms for studying CRISPR-Cas systems of the crenarchaeal kingdom of the archaea. These organisms are infected by a wide range of exceptional archaea-specific viruses and conjugative plasmids, and their CRISPR-Cas systems generally exhibit extensive structural and functional diversity. They carry large and multiple CRISPR loci and often multiple cop...

Using the hyperthermophile Pyrococcus furiosus, we have delineated several key steps in CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats)-Cas (CRISPR-associated) invader defence pathways. P. furiosus has seven transcriptionally active CRISPR loci that together encode a total of 200 crRNAs (CRISPR RNAs). The 27 Cas proteins in this organism represent three distinct pathways and ...

Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPRs) and CRISPR-associated (Cas) proteins provide bacteria with RNA-based adaptive immunity against phage infection. To counteract this defense mechanism, phages evolved anti-CRISPR (Acr) proteins that inactivate the CRISPR-Cas systems. AcrIIA1, encoded by Listeria monocytogenes prophages, is the most prevalent among the Acr protein...

Detailed characterization of post-translational modifications (PTMs) of proteins in microbial communities remains a significant challenge. Here we directly identify and quantify a broad range of PTMs (hydroxylation, methylation, citrullination, acetylation, phosphorylation, methylthiolation, S-nitrosylation and nitration) in a natural microbial community from an acid mine drainage site. Approxi...

The CRISPR (clusters of regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats)-Cas adaptive immune system is an important defense system in bacteria, providing targeted defense against invasions of foreign nucleic acids. CRISPR-Cas systems consist of CRISPR loci and cas (CRISPR-associated) genes: sequence segments of invaders are incorporated into host genomes at CRISPR loci to generate specificity, ...

Pseudomonas is a bacterial genus with some saprophytic species from land and others associated opportunistic infections in humans animals. Factors such as pathogenicity or metabolic aspects have been related to CRISPR-Cas, silico studies into it focused more on the clinical non-environmental setting. This work aimed perform an analysis of CRISPR-Cas systems present genomes. It analyzed 275 comp...