Spermatozoa are not mature until they transit the epididymis where they acquire motility and the ability to fertilize an egg through sequential modifications. The epididymis has three functional regions, caput, corpus, and cauda, and the luminal proteins of the epididymis play important roles in the above modifications. However, the proteins with differential enrichment between the caput and ca...

Cauda equina syndrome following decompression for spinal stenosis appears to occur more commonly than the literature suggests. A large series of spinal stenosis decompressions was reviewed. Based on these findings, a theory is put forth as to the cause of this complication. One hundred seventy-five cases of decompression for spinal stenosis done over a 2.5-year period were reviewed. Follow-up w...

A cauda equina syndrome in association with ankylosing spondylitis is well recorded. We report the occurrence of an upper limb radiculopathy which progressed to a cauda equina syndrome in association with ankylosing spondylitis.

A 35-year-old white male presented with erectile dysfunction and areflexic bladder secondary to an intrathecal paraganglioma of the cauda equina. Erectile dysfunction has not been emphasized as a component of the cauda equina syndrome.

The central nervous system, in particular the spinal cord, is a rare site for primary lymphoma occurrence, with very few published cases. We report an extremely rare primary lymphoma in the cauda equina in a single case with literature review. An immunocompetent 59-year-old male, who complained of progressive low back and bilateral leg pain for 7 months, was studied. Magnetic resonance imaging ...

Cauda equina syndrome is 1 of a few true surgical emergencies involving the lumbar spine. Although treatment within 48 hours has been found to correlate with improved outcomes, recovery of bowel and bladder control does not always occur, and loss of these functions can be distressing to patients. An understanding of factors affecting the legal outcome can aid the clinician in determining risk m...

New techniques have been developed for the electrophysiological assessment of patients with suspected cauda equina lesions using transcutaneous spinal stimulation (500-1500 V: time constant 50 microseconds) to measure motor latencies to the external and sphincter and puborectalis muscles from L1 and L4 vertebral levels. These latencies represent motor conduction in the S3 and S4 motor roots of ...

Background and Aim: Although operation is the most appropriate treatment for Cauda Equina Syndrome, the effectiveness of operation on clinical symptoms is still under discussion. This study aimed to determine the prognosis of Cauda Equina Syndrome in patients with lumbar disk surgery in Al-Zahra Hospital of Isfahan City, Iran, from 2013 to 2015. Methods and Materials/ Patients: In This prospec...

© 2016 Surgical Neurology International | Published by Wolters Kluwer Medknow Abstract Background: Cauda equina paragangliomas (CEPs) are rare spinal tumors that are mostly misdiagnosed preoperatively as ependymomas or schwannomas on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Clinically, they usually present with the gradual onset of back pain and radiculopathy rather than an acute cauda equina syndrome...

High-resolution two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analyses have indicated that several major boar sperm plasma membrane polypeptides (PMPs) increased in concentration during maturation in the epididymis. To investigate this further, monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) to two of these PMPs/glycoproteins referenced as 4.85 and 5.0 and polyclonal antisera (PCA) raised against PMP 5.0 wer...