Shock is an emergency that requires continuous bedside evaluation, resuscitation, and re-evaluation. The initial bedside examination allows the clinician to determine whether the patient exhibits a clinical picture that is consistent with hypovolemic, cardiogenic, or vasodilatory shock. The primary survey dictates urgent initial resuscitation that usually consists of intubation, ventilation, an...

Survival of a plate against an intense, short duration impulsive loading requires the circumvention of failure modes, including those associated with excessive overall deflection and shear-off at supports and webs. All-metal sandwich plates have distinct advantages over comparable weight monolithic plates, especially for intense water loadings. A recently developed mechanics of dynamically load...

We use the theory of internal variables, or equivalently of continuum damage mechanics, to develop a mathematical model involving three variables to describe the evolution of progressive damage in high strain–rate deformations of fiber-reinforced composites. The degradation of material parameters with the damage is considered. Values of material parameters in the postulated evolution laws of in...

The incidence of septic shock caused by gram-positive bacteria has risen markedly in the last few years. It is largely unclear how gram-positive bacteria (which do not contain endotoxin) cause shock and multiple organ failure. We have discovered recently that two cell wall fragments of the pathogenic gram-positive bacterium Staphylococcus aureus, lipoteichoic acid (LTA) and peptidoglycan (PepG)...

The state of peripheral circulatory failure, referred to as "shock," is so frequentlv associated with the extensive injuries incurred during military operations, it may properly be called a malady of warfare. Not only is it encountered more frequently, but its severity far exceeds that ordinarily seen in civilian practice. It is thus possible to draw from the experiences of military surgery man...

Congestive heart failure as a cause of acute liver failure is rarely documented with only a few cases. Although the pathophysiology is poorly understood, there is rising evidence, that low cardiac output with consecutive reduction in hepatic blood flow is a main causing factor, rather than hypotension. In the setting of acute liver failure due to congestive heart failure, clinical signs of the ...

BACKGROUND Several trials have demonstrated improved survival with implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) therapy. The cause and nature of death in the ICD population have been insufficiently investigated. The objective of this study was to analyze ICDs from deceased patients to assess the incidence of ventricular tachyarrhythmias, the occurrence of shocks, and possible device malfunction...

-This paper provides a comprehensive survey on the state-of-the-art condition monitoring and fault diagnostic technologies for wind turbines. The Part I of this survey briefly reviews the existing literature surveys on the subject, discusses the common failure modes in the major wind turbine components and subsystems, briefly reviews the condition monitoring and fault diagnostic techniques for ...

In this paper, we identify an error in the proof of Theorem 1 in the paper Xia, L., Zhao, Q., and Jia, Q.S., “A Structure Property of Optimal Policies for Maintenance Problems with Safety-Critical Components”, IEEE Transactions on Automation Science and Engineering, 2008, 5(3): 519-531. Theorem 1 is the most important contribution of the above paper, which shows the optimality of the so-called ...