BACKGROUND Increased CD38 expression by leukemic cells has been suggested as an adverse prognostic factor in B-CLL. Several approaches have been proposed to quantify its level of expression by flow cytometry. METHODS We compared the use of (i) the percentage of CD38 positive cells, (ii) CD38 antibodies bound per cell (ABC), and (iii) a semi-quantitative method based on the shape of the CD38 h...

Insulin secretion is one of the functions mediated by CD38, a nonlineage pleiotropic cell surface receptor. The molecule is the target of an autoimmune response, because serum autoantibodies (aAbs) to CD38 have been detected in diabetic patients. In the healthy Caucasian population, the CD38 gene is bi-allelic (86% CD38*B and 14% CD38*A), whereas an Arg140Trp mutation has been identified in Jap...

CD38 is a cell-surface protein involved in calcium signaling and contractility of airway smooth muscle. It has a role in normal airway responsiveness and in airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) developed following airway exposure to IL-13 and TNF-α but appears not to be critical to airway inflammation in response to the cytokines. CD38 is also involved in T cell-mediated immune response to protein ...

BACKGROUND/AIMS Despite extensive studies, the intracellular regulatory mechanism of renin production and release is still poorly understood. The present study was designed to test whether CD38-ADP-ribosylcyclase signaling pathway contributes to the regulation of renin production and release, and to examine whether CD38 gene knockout (CD38(-/-)) can change this important renal endocrinal functi...

Cross-linking of CD38 on hematopoietic cells induces activation, proliferation and differentiation of mature T and B cells and mediates apoptosis of myeloid and lymphoid progenitor cells. In addition to acting as a signaling receptor, CD38 is also an enzyme capable of producing several calcium-mobilizing metabolites, including cyclic adenosine diphosphate ribose (cADPR). It has been previously ...

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) is increasingly recognized as an important signaling molecule that affects numerous biological pathways. Thus, enzymes that metabolize NAD can have important biological functions. One NAD-metabolizing enzyme in mammals is CD38, a type II transmembrane protein that converts NAD primarily to adenosine diphosphate ribose (ADPR) and a small amount of cyclic a...

Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) are an immunosuppressive population of immature myeloid cells found in advanced-stage cancer patients and mouse tumor models. Production of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and arginase, as well as other suppressive mechanisms, allows MDSCs to suppress T-cell-mediated tumor clearance and foster tumor progression. Using an unbiased global gene expres...

The multifunctional ADP-ribosyl cyclase, CD38, catalyzes the cyclization of NAD(+) to cyclic ADP-ribose (cADPr). The latter gates Ca(2+) release through microsomal membrane-resident ryanodine receptors (RyRs). We first cloned and sequenced full-length CD38 cDNA from a rabbit osteoclast cDNA library. The predicted amino acid sequence displayed 59, 59, and 50% similarity, respectively, to the mou...

Background: We recently reported the beneficial clinical responses of anti-CD38 monoclonal antibody daratumumab in two patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) [1]. While primary rationale for its use was depletion autoantibody-producing long-lived plasma cells, may promote additional therapeutic effects on CD38-expressing T but their origin, lifestyle and role pathophysiology remains e...

Ubiquitously expressed CD38 and T cell-expressed ADP-ribosyltransferase 2 (ART2) are ectoenzymes competing for NAD substrate. CD38 exerts pleiotropic actions in hemopoietic and nonhemopoietic compartments via effects on calcium mobilization. ART2 is an ADP-ribosyltransferase on naive CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. ART2-catalyzed ADP-ribosylation of the P2X7 purinoreceptor elicits apoptosis. Transfer of...