B-cells are the poster child for cellular diversity and heterogeneity. The diverse repertoire of B lymphocytes, each expressing unique antigen receptors, provides broad protection against pathogens. However, B-cell goes beyond receptors. Side-stepping receptor (BCR) through BCR-independent stimuli or engineered organisms with monoclonal BCRs still results in seemingly identical reaching a wide ...

background: the vascular function of angiotensin ii-type-2 receptors in adults is controversial. we sought their location and function in mouse aortic rings at young and old mice. materials and methods: male c57bl mice (aged 4 and 14 months) were killed by co2. the descending thoracic aorta was cleaned and dissected into rings. aortic rings were mounted in krebs’ solution at 37 °c and then setu...

Cytosolic tail motifs in host cell surface receptors predict modes of SARS-CoV-2 entry and propagation.

Background: The vascular function of Angiotensin II-type-2 receptors in adults is controversial. We sought their location and function in mouse aortic rings at young and old mice. Materials and Methods: Male C57Bl mice (aged 4 and 14 months) were killed by CO2. The descending thoracic aorta was cleaned and dissected into rings. Aortic rings were mounted in Krebs’ solution at 37 °C an...

objective(s): berberine is one of the main alkaloids and it has been proven to have different pharmacological effects including inhibition of cell cycle and progression of apoptosis in various cancerous cells; however, its effects on cancer metastasis are not well known. cancer cells obtain the ability to change their chemokine system and convert into metastatic cells. in this study, we examine...

natural killer (nk) cells are a subset of lymphocytes which play a crucial role in early innate immune response against infection and tumor transformation. furthermore, they secrete interferon-γ (ifn-γ) and tumor necrosis factor (tnf) prompting adaptive immu-nity. nk cells distinguish the unhealthy cells from the healthy ones through an array of cell-surface receptors. human nk cells use inhibi...

Objective(s): Berberine is one of the main alkaloids and it has been proven to have different pharmacological effects including inhibition of cell cycle and progression of apoptosis in various cancerous cells; however, its effects on cancer metastasis are not well known. Cancer cells obtain the ability to change their chemokine system and convert into metastatic cells. In this study, we examine...

Natural killer (NK) cells are a subset of lymphocytes which play a crucial role in early innate immune response against infection and tumor transformation. Furthermore, they secrete interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) prompting adaptive immu-nity. NK cells distinguish the unhealthy cells from the healthy ones through an array of cell-surface receptors. Human NK cells use inhibi...

Background:  Natural Killer cells express killer inhibitory receptors specific for HLA-class I molecules.  These receptors could induce signals that determine NK cells ability to mediate cytotoxicity.  Purified soluble form of HLA class I molecules (sHLA) could bind to NK cell receptors and down-regulate the NK killer function. Objective:  To evaluate the influence of sHLA and two monoclonal an...