The cephalic arch is a common location of stenosis, especially in brachiocephalic fistulas. The cephalic arch has a number of anatomic variations. Cephalic arch stenoses are often resistant and have poor primary patency. Here we describe an unusual case of a hemodialysis patient with a single-conduit supraclavicular cephalic arch draining into the external jugular vein presenting with recurrent...

Cephalic and basilic veins begin their path from around the wrist and continue towards the area above the forearm. The basilic vein becomes deep around the mid-arm, while the cephalic vein becomes deep around the upper forearm, in deltopectoral groove. The superficial veins are most commonly used for vein puncture, transfusion, bypass graft, and cardiac catheterization. In renal patients, the b...

A 78-year-old man presented with a mass on his right forearm. A 5 x 4 x 3 cm(3) mass was excised en bloc with extensions along the course of the cephalic vein and its tributaries. Histological analysis revealed the mass to be a high-grade leiomyosarcoma arising within the cephalic vein. The tumour was controlled locally and distally until the patient died 10 months later, from an unrelated illn...

Ultrasonography is the primary tool for preoperative analysis of vein morphology for fistula creation in patients with end-stage renal disease. This study examines the effect of environmental temperature on the superficial vein size. Superficial veins of thirteen healthy volunteers were marked at three sites: cephalic vein in left lateral arm near cubital fossa, cephalic vein in left forearm at...

Autogenous arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs) are considered the most reliable long-term vascular access in patients undergoing haemodialysis. Although AVFs generally require fewer interventions than arteriovenous grafts (AVGs) to maintain patency, some sites of venous stenosis account for a large portion of repeated interventions. A particularly troublesome site within brachiocephalic AVFs is the c...

INTRODUCTION Venous catheterisation in paediatric patients can be technically challenging. We examined factors affecting catheterisation of invisible and impalpable peripheral veins in children and evaluated the best site for ultrasound-guided catheterisation. METHODS Systolic pressure, age, sex, and American Society of Anaesthesiologists (ASA) physical status were determined in 96 children w...

Previous studies have shown that regional limb perfusion (RLP) using the palmar digital (PD) vein delivers therapeutic concentration of amikacin to the distal limb. Our hypothesis was that using the cephalic and saphenous veins for RLP will enable delivery of therapeutic concentrations of amikacin to the distal limb. Nineteen healthy horses participated in the study. The cephalic, saphenous, or...