BACKGROUND Few studies have reported delayed hypersensitivity reactions to systemically administered cephalosporins. The diagnostic procedures and extracts for these reactions are not standardized, and little is known about the extent of cross reactivity among different cephalosporins. CASES REPORT We report 2 cases of delayed hypersensitivity reactions due to cephalosporins presenting as ery...

The renal excretory mechanism of cefmenoxime in rabbits was compared with that of 6 other cephalosporins (cefotaxime, deacetylcefotaxime, cefotiam, cefazolin, cephaloridine, and cefsulodin). The clearance ratios (Cf-Drug/CInulin=CRf) of cefmenoxime (337) and cefazolin (73) were considerably higher than those of the 5 other cephalosporins (0.9-20). When p-amino-hippurate (PAH) was administered c...

BACKGROUND The practice of avoiding cephalosporin administration to penicillin-allergic patients persists despite the low rate of cross reactions between both groups of antibiotics. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this literature review is to evaluate the published evidence regarding the commonly held belief that patients with a history of an allergic reaction to penicillin have a significantly incr...

During the last decades, the antibacterial activity of cephalosporins has been steadily increased through sidechain modifications at C-3 and C-7. Recently, 3-vinyl cephalosporins, such as TOC-391), E-10772,3) and YM402204,5), have been intensively studied. They show well-balanced antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria including S. aureus and Gram-negative bacteria including P. ae...

beta-lactams are a group of antibiotics with a broad spectrum of both gram-negative and gram-positive coverage. the goal of this study is to evaluate the results from studies regarding ig-e mediated hypersensitivity to penicillin and cross-reactivity with other beta-lactams. review was conducted of both retrospective and prospective studies by searching in pubmed and medline for the original an...

While modern cephalosporins developed for broad spectrum antibacterial activities have never been pursued for tuberculosis (TB) therapy, we identified first generation cephalosporins having clinically relevant inhibitory concentrations, both alone and in synergistic drug combinations. Common chemical patterns required for activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis were identified using structu...

The binding of some cephalosporins to human serum albumin (HSA) was studied by an ultrafiltration technique. Changes in C-3 side chain resulted in marked changes in the binding to HSA, but changes in C-7 side chain did not. Cephalosporins were classified into three groups by C-3 side chain: (i) Cationic side chain with low affinity for HSA; (ii) anionic side chain with high affinity for HSA; (i...

Human peripheral blood lymphocytes were cultured in several concentrations of each of several cephalosporins. Responses to phytohemagglutinin were compared with that of duplicate cultures containing penicillin-streptomycin, chloramphenicol, or no antibiotics. Possible effects of cephalosporins on responses of lymphocytes to concanavalin A and pokeweed mitogen were similarly determined. Signific...

Exposure to cephalosporins could cause occupational allergic diseases in health care workers (HCWs). We evaluated the prevalence of serum specific IgE and IgG antibodies to cephalosporin-human serum albumin (HSA) conjugate and to identify potential genetic risk factors associated with sensitization to cephalosporins in exposed HCWs. The study population consisted of 153 HCWs who had been expose...

To evaluate the drug utilization of third generation cephalosporins using core drug use indicators in various wards of Sri Ramachandra Hospital. Third generation cephalosporins are the most commonly prescribed broad spectrum antibiotic even before the culture sensitivity results arrives. Hence this study was undertaken to study the drug utilization evaluation of third generation cephalosporins ...