the present study is an attempt to find out cultural exophoric references in four common english textbooks, namely touch stone, american file, top notch, and total english series used at iranian english language institutes and to compare the frequency of occurrence of such references in these coursebooks. in order to compare cultural exophoric references used in these coursebooks, the researche...

BACKGROUND Studies have highlighted the effects the use of the WHO Surgical Safety Checklist can have on lowering mortality and surgical complications. Implementation of the checklist is not easy and several barriers have been identified. Few studies have addressed personnel's acceptance and attitudes toward the WHO Surgical Safety Checklist. Determining personnel's acceptance might reflect the...

BACKGROUND Pilot studies of complex interventions such as a team checklist are an essential precursor to evaluating how these interventions affect quality and safety of care. We conducted a pilot implementation of a preoperative team communication checklist. The objectives of the study were to assess the feasibility of the checklist (that is, team members' willingness and ability to incorporate...

This article describes two initiatives from the National Patient Safety Agency, which were developed to address important areas of harm to patients. This harm stems from failing to recognise or respond appropriately to deteriorating patients and errors in pre-operative and peri-operative care of surgical patients. Both initiatives used principles of standardisation, reliability and human factor...

In the fall of 1999, the Institute of Medicine released "To Err is Human: Building a Safer Health System," a sobering report on the safety of the American healthcare industry. This work and others like it have ushered in an era where the science of quality assurance has quickly become an integral facet of the practice of medicine. One critical component of this new era is the development, appli...

background: the number of valid of pathogen and non-pathogen species of entamoeba has continuously increased in human and animals. this review is per-formed to provide an update list and some summarized information on entamoeba species, which were identified up to the 2014. methods: we evaluated the entamoeba genus with a broad systematic review of the literature, books and electronic databases...