background to estimate the total annual cost due to chronic hepatitis b (chb)-related diseases imposed on each patient and his/her family in iran.   methods economic burden of chb-related diseases (chb, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma) were examined. in this retrospective study, 100 iranian patients were identified to obtain their socioeconomic status, utilization (direct and indirect c...

background: toll- like receptors (tlrs) play an important role in the recognition of damps and pamps and induction ofinflammation. previous studies demonstrated that depression and anxiety can influence the expression levels of immune related molecules. our previous study revealed that mrna levels of irak4, traf3 and irf7 were significantly decreased in chronic hbv infected (chb) patients when ...

background: nowadays, the immune response to hepatitis c (hcv) treatment has become a crucial issue mostly due to the interleukin 28b (il-28b) polymorphism effects in chronic hcv patients. the aim of this study was to detect the polymorphism of il-28b gene (rs12979860) in hcv genotype 1 patients treated with pegylated interferon and ribavirin. methods: from the 2010 to 2012, a total of 115 peri...

introduction: hepatitis b is a potentially life-threatening infection that causes acute infection and chronic hepatitis with progression to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (hcc). interleukin-12 (il12) is responsible for activation of th1 immune responses, leading to possible clearance of hbv infection from the host’s body. the host’s immune-genetic background plays an important role in t...

chronic hepatitis b is still a major public health issue despite the successful prophylactic vaccination attempts. chronicity of hepatitis b virus(hbv) is mainly due to its ability to debilitate host's immune system. therefore, major measures have been taken to stop this process and help patients with chronic hepatitis b infection recover from their illness. while satisfactory results have...

    Abstract   Background: Hepatitis B virus infection is an important cause of liver morbidity and   mortality worldwide. HDV changes the natural course of HBV. The prevalence of HDV infection wasn’t determined in the various groups of HBV infection (carriers, acute hepatitis, chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis and HCC) in Iran. We aimed to research the prevalence of hepatitis D virus infection in v...

Background: The optimal treatment is not possible yet for chronic prostatitis due to the unknown etiology of the diseases. We aimed to investigate the association of Helicobacter pylori infection with chronic prostatitis. Methods: In this prospective case-control study that conducted in Imam Hospital...

Background and Aims: Co-infection of hepatitis E virus (HEV) in chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infected patients can develop and increase liver disease and hepatic complications in the world. The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of HEV infection in patients suffering from chronic HCV infection. Materials and Methods: Cross-sectional study testing anti-HEV antibodies in serum...