The development of synthetic methodologies which provide access to both stereoisomers of α,β-disubstituted olefins is a challenging undertaking. Herein, we describe the development of an operationally simple and stereoselective synthesis of difluoromethylated styrenes via a visible-light photocatalytic decarboxylation strategy using fac-Ir(ppy)3 as the photocatalyst. Meta- and para-substituted ...

The spoilage yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae degraded the food preservative sorbic acid (2,4-hexadienoic acid) to a volatile hydrocarbon, identified by gas chromatography mass spectrometry as 1,3-pentadiene. The gene responsible was identified as PAD1, previously associated with the decarboxylation of the aromatic carboxylic acids cinnamic acid, ferulic acid, and coumaric acid to styrene, 4-viny...

Various monoand disubstituted cinnamic acid derivatives and aromatic carboxylic acids with saturated side chains were incubated mainly with Bacillus, Candida, Hansenula, and Saccharo­ m yces strains. The cinnamic acids carrying a hydroxyand/or a methoxy group at the 3and/or 4-position of the benzene ring were decarboxylated with high yields. Most of the reactions were terminated within 24 to 48...

A novel method for producing styrenes from trans-cinnamic acids was developed. When trans-cinnamic acid was incubated with plant cell cultures at room temperature, styrene was obtained. 4-Hydroxy-3-methoxystyrene (2a), 3-nitrostyrene (2f) and furan (2g) were synthesized quantitatively.

The biosynthesis of certain benzenoid compounds found in plants, such as the hydroxycinnamic acids, lignin, flavonoids, and coumarins, has recently been actively investigated. In his review (1) on the biosynthesis of these secondary plant products, Neish points out that the results of tracer experiments show the hydroxycinnamic acids to be important precursors in the formation of lignin and oth...

The membrane potentials of aged, excised barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) root cells were rapidly depolarized by the addition of salicylic acid (o-hydroxybenzoic acid) to the buffered medium bathing root segments. Initial values for membrane potentials were restored very slowly (within 100 minutes) by replacing the phenolic solution by phenolic-free buffer. Several other naturally occurring benzoic ...

perilla frutescens is an annual herb of the mint family native to east asia. polyphenols present in perilla have various structural varieties with large diversity of biological activities. it is direct influence the quality of perilla plant and their potential functions. some of these products have been studied and proven to be effective source of phenolic antioxidants. the aqueous extract cont...