Background: Circulus Arteriosus cerebrii, another name for Circle of Willis, establishes a polygonal anastomotic channel between two internal carotid arteries and vertebral arteries. The arterial circle is located in the interpeduncular fossa, near base brain. It has been established through anatomical radiological studies that there are variations healthy persons. Aim: To evaluate Willis suppl...

AIM The function of the circle of Willis, an arterial polygon, is to protect the brain from ischemia. The aim of this study is to define the structural characteristics of the circle of Willis within the Turkish adult population, along with variations and arteries involved in the measurement of diameters and lengths on cadavers. MATERIAL AND METHODS The circle of Willis was evaluated in 100 fr...

In order to evaluate the microvascular anatomy and the interconnections, 101 fixed brains from human cadavers with a mean age of 41.3 years were subjected to objective scrutiny. Symmetry was visualized with an unaided eye and measurements made under microscopic magnification technique using a micrometer. Classic symmetry was observed in only 19 of the specimens, whereas the rest of the 82...

The following matter needs to be addressed. In his seminal works on the circulus arteriosus in Cerebri Anatome in 1664 and De Anima Brutorum in 1672, Thomas Willis described the blood supply to the base of the brain in a number of animal species and, more importantly, founded the discipline of clinical neuroscience. The detailed comparative physiology and species differences between ovine and b...

BACKGROUND Circulus arteriosus cerebri is the main source of blood supply to the brain; it connects the left and right hemispheres with anterior and posterior parts. Located at the interpenducular fossa at the base of the brain the circle of Willis is the most important source of collateral circulation in the presence of the disease in the carotid or vertebral artery. AIM The purpose of the r...

Scale and otolith patterns are frequently used for age determination, growth estimation, and stock identification of Pacific salmon. However, little information is available about their formation mechanism such as circulus, check in the scale, and growth increment in the otolith. I clarified the formation mechanisms of scale and otolith patterns by rearing experiments using juvenile sockeye and...