A s Surgeon General for the Canadian Forces (CF), I am also the commander of the Canadian Forces Health Services (CFHS), which is responsible for delivering quality health care both in Canada and on deployments around the world. Providing health care in an operational setting is always a challenge, especially when this occurs in a hostile or combat setting with limitations posed by tactical and...

A quantitative understanding of cities' demographic dynamics is becoming a potentially useful tool for planning sustainable growth. The concomitant theory should reveal details of the cities' past and also of its interaction with nearby urban conglomerates for providing a reasonably complete picture. Using the exhaustive database of the Census Bureau in a time window of 170 years, we exhibit he...

During the Gulf War a number of subjects presented with panic, hyperventilation, and inability to wear respirators when chemical alarms were sounded, despite a perceived real chemical threat. Twenty-five such sufferers were seen at the Psychiatric Department of 33 General (Surgical) Hospital. This paper considers the aetiology of such responses, describes a mode of treatment which can be used i...

Despite over US $200 million having been spent researching illnesses following the 1990-91 Persian Gulf War, the nature and cause of such illnesses remains controversial. In this narrative review, we discuss some of the methodological issues that have affected epidemiological studies on this topic. These include low-response rates, ascertainment bias, recall bias, problems identifying suitable ...

Letendre, Fincher & Thornhill (2010) argue that pathogen intensity provides the ultimate explanation for why some countries are more prone to civil war than others. They argue that the economic and political factors highlighted in previous research on civil war are largely caused by underlying differences in pathogen intensity, and contend that disease proneness increases the risk of civil war ...

nal intervention are most effective, remain open questions. Overall, these volumes are a valuable resource for all researchers interested in studying civil wars. REFERENCES Collier, Paul and Anke Hoeffler. 1998. “On Economic Causes of Civil War.” Oxford Economic Papers, 50(4): 563–73. Collier, Paul and Anke Hoeffler. 2004. “Greed and Grievance in Civil War.” Oxford Economic Papers, 56(4): 563–9...

I provide an analytical review of the literature on poverty and political violence, focusing on civil war. I also consider the effects of economic inequality and education. Expectations from rational choice theories of civil war are that violence will rise as income per capita, education, and economic growth decline. This is due either to the declining opportunity cost of violence or to the dec...

so slow to grasp the implication of the use of whole blood in World War I, limited though that experience was; why it did not take advantage of the successful bloodprogram used during the Spanish Civil War; and why it did not immediately make use of the British experience in the early months of World War II when the necessity and value of whole blood for combat casualties were so clearly proved...

US Civil War data allow examinations of theories of leadership. By observing both leaders and followers during the war and 40 years after it, I establish that the most able became wartime leaders, that leading by example from the front was an effective strategy in reducing desertion rates, and that leaders later migrated to the larger cities because this is where their superior skills would hav...