In this paper, we define topological hyperrings and study their basic concepts which supported by illustrative examples. We show some differences between topological rings and topological hyperrings. Also, by the fundamental relation $\Gamma^{*}$, we indicate the role of complete parts (saturated subsets) and complete hyperrings in topological hyperrings and specially we show that if every (clo...

The classical lattice A ,*, whose Voronoi cells tile Euclidean n-space by permutohedra, can be given the generalized balance ternary ring structure GBT, in a natural way as a quotient ring of Z [xl. The ring GBT, can also be considered as the set of all finite sequences sO sl.. . sk, with si E GBT,/srGBT, for all i, where M is an appropriately chosen element in GBT,. The extended generalized ba...

The ElGamal encryption scheme is described in the setting of any finite cyclic group G. Among the groups of most interest in cryptography are the multiplicative group Z of the ring of integers modulo a prime p, and the multiplicative groups F of finite fields of characteristic two. The later requires finding irreducible polynomials h(x) and constructing the quotient ring . El-Kassar et al. modi...

Let R be a ring, α an automorphism, and δ an α-derivation of R. If the classical quotient ring Q of R exists, then R is weak α-skew Armendariz if and only if Q is weak α-skew Armendariz. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly ci...

In this note we first show that for a right (resp. left) Ore ring R and an automorphism σ of R, if R is σ-skew McCoy then the classical right (resp. left) quotient ring Q(R) of R is σ̄-skew McCoy. This gives a positive answer to the question posed in Başer et al. [1]. We also characterize semiprime right Goldie (von Neumann regular) McCoy (σ-skew McCoy) rings.

the concepts of fuzzy semi-ideals of r with respect to h≤r and generalized fuzzy quotient rings are introduced. some properties of fuzzy semiideals are discussed. finally, several isomorphism theorems for generalized fuzzy quotient rings are established.

For a monoid M , we introduce linear M-Armendariz rings, which are generalization of M-Armendariz rings and linear Armendariz rings; and investigate their properties. Every reduced ring is linear M-Armendariz, for any unique product monoid. We show that if M be a monoid and R be a right ore ring with classical right quotient ring Q. Then R is linear M-Armendariz if and only if Q is linear M-Arm...

The skein algebra of an oriented three-manifold is a classical limit the Kauffman bracket module and gives coordinate ring [Formula: see text]-character variety. In this paper, we determine quotient polynomial which isomorphic to group with three generators two relators. As application, give explicit formula for Borromean rings complement in text].