Clathrate materials have been the subject of intense interest and research for thermoelectric application. Nevertheless, from the very large number of conceivable clathrate structures, only a small fraction of them have been examined. Since the thermal conductivity of clathrates is inherently small due to their large unit cell size and open-framework structure, the current research on clathrate...

Extensive research has been carried on the molecular adsorption in high surface area materials such as carbonaceous and MOFs well atomic bonded hydrogen metals alloys. Clathrates stand among ones to be recently suggested for storage. Although, simulations predict lower capacity than expected by DOE norms, additional benefits of clathrates low production operational cost, fully reversible reacti...

One explanation for the enhanced ratio of volatiles to hydrogen in Jupiter’s atmosphere compared to a a gas of solar composition is that the planet accreted volatile-bearing clathrates during its formation. Models, however, suggest that S would be over abundant if clathrates were the primary carrier of Jupiter’s volatiles. This led to the suggestion that S was depleted in the outer nebula due t...

In this paper, we use a statistical thermodynamic approach to quantify the efficiency with which clathrates on the surface of Titan trap noble gases. We consider different values of the Ar, Kr, Xe, CH4, C2H6 and N2 abundances in the gas phase that may be representative of Titan’s early atmosphere. We discuss the effect of the various parameters that are chosen to represent the interactions betw...

Three-dimensional (3D) gas clathrates are ice-like but distinguished from bulk ices by containing polyhedral nano-cages to accommodate small gas molecules. Without space filling by gas molecules, standalone 3D clathrates have not been observed to form in the laboratory, and they appear to be unstable except at negative pressure. Thus far, experimental evidence for guest-free clathrates has only...

Sodium Diffusion in Type II Silicon Clathrates, JASON G. SLINGSBY, NICHOLAS A. RORRER, LAKSHMI KRISHNA, ERIC S. TOBERER, CAROLYN A. KOH, and C. MARK MAUPIN (Chemical and Biological Engineering Department, Colorado School of Mines, 1500 Illinois Street, Golden, CO 80401; Physics Department, Colorado School of Mines, 1500 Illinois Street, Golden, CO 80401; [email protected]). Earth abundant semi...

Type-I clathrates possess extremely low thermal conductivities, a property that makes them promising materials for thermoelectric applications. The incorporation of cerium into one such clathrate has recently been shown to lead to a drastic enhancement of the thermopower, another property determining the thermoelectric efficiency. Here we explore the mechanism of the incorporation of rare earth...

The high pressure properties of the novel tetrel-free clathrate, Ba₈Cu13.1Zn3.3P29.6, were investigated using synchrotron powder X-ray diffraction. The pressure was applied using a diamond anvil cell. No structural transitions or decomposition were detected in the studied pressure range of 0.1-7 GPa. The calculated bulk modulus for Ba₈Cu13.1Zn3.3P29.6 using a third-order Birch-Murnaghan equatio...

This paper presents results from our exploratory work in the systems K-Cd-Ge, Rb-Cd-Ge, and Cs-Cd-Ge, which yielded the novel type-I clathrates with refined compositions K8Cd3.77(7)Ge42.23, Rb8Cd3.65(7)Ge42.35, and Cs7.80(1)Cd3.65(6)Ge42.35. The three compounds represent rare examples of clathrates of germanium with the alkali metals, where a d10 element substitutes a group 14 element. The thre...

Intermetallic clathrates were discovered in the 1950s when the basic relations of alkali metals and group 14 elements were investigated [1, 2]. After the structural elucidation of Na8Si46 and NaxSi136 [3] the research field spread continuously, and representatives comprising Na, K, Rb and Cs were obtained. The only exception was the Li-containing clathrate and it was concluded that Li atoms are...