Geological and climatic processes potentially alter speciation rates by generating and modifying barriers to dispersal. In Southeast Asia, two processes have substantially altered the distribution of land. Volcanic uplift produced many new islands during the Miocene-Pliocene and repeated sea level fluctuations during the Pleistocene resulted in intermittent land connections among islands. Each ...

Forensic entomology establishes the postmortem interval (PMI) by studying cadaveric fauna. The PMI today is still largely based on tables of insect succession on human cadavers compiled in the late 19th- or mid-20th centuries. In the last few years, however, the gradual warming of the climate has been changing faunal communities by favouring the presence of thermophilous species. To demonstrate...

climate change  is one of the most important challenges in recent years. heavy flood, hot weather, early coldness, most of drought replications, risen of sea water level, pests and plant disease ,reducing of ozone layer thickness, global worming ,and melting ices, are cases that introduced climate change issue in recent decades more. climate is one of the most important  factors for crop  chang...

abstract decadal changes in land use/land cover for balachaur watershed in nawanshahar district, punjab, india were studied using black and white aerial photographs for march 1984 on approximately 1:20,000 scale and multidate geocoded false colour composites (fcc) of irs-1d liss-iii on 1:50,000 scale for march 2002, september 2002, and may 2003 and interpreted visually to prepare land use/land ...