OBJECTIVES Medical journals in Japan generally have appropriate policies regarding disclosure of conflicts of interest (COI). However, COI management depends on the staff members of each journal's editorial secretariat. This study's objectives were to find out (A) whether COI disclosure and the journal's role in it are clearly understood by the journal's secretariat staff, (B) how much experien...

Medical research should be fully transparent. The aims of this study were to determine the prevalence of author-related conflict of interest (COI) policies and evaluate the actual state of COI disclosure in Korean medical journals. To determine the prevalence of author-related COI policies, we examined the 198 medical journals listed in the KoreaMed database. To investigate the actual state of ...

BACKGROUND Conflict of interest (COI) of clinical practice guideline (CPG) sponsors and authors is an important potential source of bias in CPG development. The objectives of this study were to describe the COI policies for organizations currently producing a significant number of CPGs, and to determine if these policies meet 2011 Institute of Medicine (IOM) standards. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL F...

Most incidences of dishonesty in research, financial investments that promote personal financial gain, and kickback scandals begin as conflicts of interest (COI). Research indicates that healthcare professionals who maintain COI relationships make less optimal and more expensive patient care choices. The discovery of COI relationships also negatively impact patient and public trust. Many discip...

Design We searched EMBASE for papers with at least 1 Danish author. Two assessors included the 100 most recent papers of drug trials published in international journals that adhere to the ICMJE’s manuscript guidelines. For each paper, 2 assessors independently extracted data on trial characteristics and author COI. We calculated the prevalence of disclosed COI among non–industry-employed Danish...

Physicians are affected by the conflict of interest (COI) policies they help formulate. This study examines whether physicians evaluate these policies impartially. One hundred and seventy-nine physicians, 224 financial advisors, and 1,430 members of the general public evaluated the fairness and efficacy of a COI policy in either a medical or financial context. Physicians were more critical of t...

BACKGROUND There is international concern that conflicts of interest (COI) may bias clinical guideline development and render it untrustworthy. Guideline COI policies exist with the aim of reducing this bias but it is not known how such policies are interpreted and used by guideline producing organisations. This study sought to determine how conflicts of interest (COIs) are disclosed and manage...

This chapter presents a theoretical model of online learning, the Community of Inquiry (CoI) framework, which is grounded in John Dewey‟s progressive understanding of education. The CoI framework is a process model of online learning which views the online educational experience as arising from the interaction of three presences – social presence, cognitive presence, and teaching presence. Each...

A total of 290 florideophyte samples from the Hawaiian Rhodophyta Biodiversity Survey, spanning 17 orders of red algae, were sequenced for the mitochondrial COI DNA barcode, partial nuclear LSU rRNA gene, and plastid UPA rRNA marker. COI was A-T rich (> 60% overall) in comparison to the two rRNA markers, and was also the least conserved, with the third codon position showing the most substituti...

Confl ict of interest (COI) is an issue in all of scientifi c publishing, and handling cases of potential COI appropriately is one of journal editors’ constant concerns. 1 Understanding the importance of COI, the Japanese Association of Medical Societies (JAMS) directly addressed it at a symposium held in February 2014. We created a questionnaire to gather data on COI disclosure and management ...