Two players alternate tossing a biased coin where the probability of getting heads is p. The current player is awarded α points for tails and α + β for heads. The first player reaching n points wins. For a completely unfair coin the player going first certainly wins. For other coin biases, the player going first has the advantage, but the advantage depends on the coin bias. We calculate the fir...

To analyze coin image has to be segmented into two regions once of the coin and the area belonging to the background. We focus on the segmentation task as a preprocessing step for any automated text localization and feature extraction system. Firstly, we present a simple and flexible method for coin segmentation, based on double seed of region growing of coin on Gaussian distributions that allo...

Objectives To determine factors associated with the passage of coins. To determine the need for repeat preoperative chest x-ray (CXR) for esophageal coin foreign body. Setting Academic tertiary care center. Design Case series with chart review. Subjects and Methods Patient information was retrieved from an Institutional Review Board-approved database. We identified 1359 children with esophageal...

This paper presents a reliable coin recognition system that is based on a polar harmonic transform. Coins are widely used in daily routine at various places like in banks, automated weighing machines, supermarkets, organizations for research purposes. So, there is a basic need to recognize the coin very accurately. There is problem that if coin is rotated at some angle then the system is unable...

Quantum protocols for coin flipping can be composed in series in such a way that a cheating party gains no extra advantage from using entanglement between different rounds. This composition principle applies to coin-flipping protocols with cheat sensitivity as well, and is used to derive two results: There are no quantum strong coin-flipping protocols with cheat sensitivity that is linear in th...

When we talk about a coin toss, we think of it as unbiased: with probability one-half it comes up heads, and with probability one-half it comes up tails. An ideal unbiased coin might not correctly model a real coin, which could be biased slightly one way or another. After all, real life is rarely fair. This possibility leads us to an interesting mathematical and computational question. Is there...

This paper investigates the conditional correlations and volatility spillovers between the dollar exchange rate return, gold coin return and crude oil return to stock index return. Monthly returns in the 144 observations (2005 - 2017) are analyzed by constant conditional correlation, dynamic conditional correlation, VARMA-GARCH and VARMA-AGARCH models. So this paper presents interdependences in...

Foreign body ingestion is a common emergency problem in children. Coins are the most common foreign bodies lodged in the esophagus. This is a retrospective study where we reviewed 21 consecutive paediatric cases of coins impacted in the upper esophagus. These children were attended at the BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, from March 2007 to March 2008. In this study, Mc-Intosh la...