One of the methods for making prototypes is incremental forming process. In this method, the forming tool, performs a pre-programmed movement by the CNC machine and runs the desired path. This modernization process is used in the automotive, aerospace, military, medical and other industries. One of the most influential parameters in this process is forming tool. This parameter is effective in f...

In this article, stress analysis and energy estimation during cold-roll forming of symmetrical channel sections have been discussed. Geometry of sheet strip is pre-estimated by a shape function. Then longitudinal, transversal and shear strains have been calculated. Using both the Levy-Mises and the Prandtl Reuss equations, and also considering the Bauschinger effect, stress distributions have b...

Cold roll forming (CRF) is a bending process where the bending occurs gradually in severalforming steps from an undeformed strip to a finished profile. The process is very interesting for thesheet metal industry due to the high speed in which the profile can be produced. High strength steelhas, in recent years, become more common in CRF. These materials have advantages but also<...

In this article, stress analysis and energy estimation during cold-roll forming of symmetrical channel sections have been discussed. Geometry of sheet strip is pre-estimated by a shape function. Then longitudinal, transversal and shear strains have been calculated. Using both the Levy-Mises and the Prandtl Reuss equations, and also considering the Bauschinger effect, stress distributions have b...

The accurate prediction of the spring back has great significance to the cold bending of plates. Based on the analysis of the square non pressure head CNC bending machine forming principle, the finite element model of the cold forming of the hull plate surface was established using the ANSYS/LS-DYNA finite element software. And the spring back computing research was done on the thickness of 8 m...

air pollution is one of the most important problems in urban areas that always threaten citizen's health. photochemical smog is one of the main factors of air pollution in large cities like tehran. usually smog is not only a part of nature, but is being analyzed as an independent matter, which highly affects on the nature. it has been used as relationship between atmospheric elements such as te...

deformation length is one of the most important parameters in cold roll-forming process, which plays a fundamental role in determining the inter-distance between the stations and rate of deformation. deformation length was first introduced by bhattacharyya. he also obtained a closed-form relation for this length in roll-forming of symmetric channel section. in this paper, deformation length in ...