s:2087:"Background: Surrogacy is one of the scientific revolutions in infertility domain in recent decades. Despite the widespread use of this technique especially surrogacy in Iran, studies about experiences of its clients are rare. Optimal care of commissioning mothers in surrogacy, requires proper understanding the process of motherhood. The aim of this study was exploration of the motherhoo...

PURPOSE The purpose of this investigation was to examine the commissioning history of the professions of physicians, dentists, nurses, nurse practitioners, physician assistants and dental hygienists of the United States Public Health Service (USPHS), and to determine a critical pathway to commissioning new health care professions into the USPHS. The Advanced Dental Hygiene Practitioner (ADHP), ...

s:1640:"Background: Surrogacy is one of the most controversial procedures in infertility treatment. Despite increasing of using this technology in Iran, there are few practical data about surrogacy. There isn't any study assessing experiences of commissioning mothers about surrogate mother selection. The purpose of this study was exploring of commissioning mothers' experiences in sele...

This is the fifth in a series of articles about the science of quality improvement. We examine the nature of healthcare commissioning and its role as a driver for quality improvement. We draw on evidence from previous forms of primary-care-led commissioning (PCLC) and consider how the quality of care might be improved through the processes of commissioning.

OBJECTIVES From April 2015, NHS England (NHSE) started to devolve responsibility for commissioning primary care services to clinical commissioning groups (CCGs). The aim of this paper is to explore how CCGs are managing potential conflicts of interest associated with groups of GPs commissioning themselves or their practices to provide services. DESIGN We carried out two telephone surveys usin...

The commissioning process has seldom used simulation as part of the commissioning process to date. It has been used for isolated retrocommissioning projects (e.g. Liu and Claridge 1995, Liu et al. 1999). However, there appears to be significant opportunity to utilize simulations as part of the commissioning process, particularly when simulation models are used as (1) part of the design process,...

The paper considers the overarching objectives of the UK healthcare system, and the ways in which commissioning was originally intended to contribute to the achievement of these objectives. It also reviews a number of existing frameworks describing the activities of commissioners and the competencies required to perform these tasks effectively. From this, fourteen domains of competency for worl...

Aims and method Previous studies have shown variations in commissioning of neuropsychiatry services and this makes access to neuropsychiatric services a post-code lottery. In this survey, we approached all mental health and neuropsychiatric service commissioners within London to map current funding and commissioning arrangements, and explored perceived barriers to neuropsychiatric service commi...

A history of the commissioning and the very successful early operation of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is described. The accident that interrupted the first commissioning, its repair and the enhanced protection system put in place are fully described. The LHC beam commissioning and operational performance are reviewed for the period from 2010 to mid-2011. Preliminary plans for operation and ...