This paper innovates as it tests two different hypotheses regarding climate impacts on agricultural markets in Brazil: farmers only observe the average climate conditions of their region when deciding the type and amount of crop/animal to grow/raise; and weather diversions from normal climate conditions deviate farmers from their optimal profits. Both hypotheses are not rejected by the data. Th...

Human kind invented agriculture 10,000 years ago. After a long mile, nowhere in the world has agriculture made an impact as it has in India. The economy of the second most populous country in the world is inextricably linked to the pulse of its agricultural success or failure. The green revolution in the late 60’s saw the country through a period of what could otherwise have been the worst fami...

Village Savings and Loan Associations and Self-Help Groups have the features of both a borrowing and a savings technology. They may therefore bring together savers and borrowers, increasing financial intermediation in villages with low access to formal banking. On the other hand, such intermediation may be impeded by limited liability, or by broader social frictions. To test for evidence of int...

In the future the Mallee is going to be hot and dry. Farming in the Mallee is going to be very profitable sometimes, middling profitable in some years and not profitable at all at times as has always been the case. In 10 years time there will be less Mallee farmers; they will be farming a little differently to now; and most will earn a good living. The scale of operations will be greater. The r...

The growth of organic farming practices in the last few decades is continuing to stimulate the international debate about this alternative food market. As a p art of a PhD project r esearch about embeddedness in Alternative Food Networks (AFNs), this paper focuses on the promotional aspects of organic farms websites from the Madrid region. As a theoretical tool, some knowledge categories drawn ...

in the family system bringing child is a major challenge of wives in the modern time. there is no disagreement among imamites (shi,as) jurisprudents about this issue that bringing child has no legal nature and is not considered a natural requirement of marriage contract. sometimes wives have different views about bringing child and this makes them worried and upset. one way to lower these conce...

the aim of this study was to investigate the relationship among employees’ empowerment, organizational commitment and job commitment in physical education organization of tehran province. the statistical population included all personnel in physical education organization of tehran province out of which 150 subjects were selected through stratified random sampling. a) spreitzer's (1995) em...

This paper is motivated by the hypothesis that the nature of the tenurial contract is sensitive to the tenant’s privately known level of farming skill. In particular, tenants with ‘low’ skill levels work for wage contracts, those with ‘high’ skill levels work for rent contracts, and tenants whose skill levels lie in between these extremes work for share contracts. We study a principal-agent typ...

the study attempted to look at the influence of individual factors (creative behavior and practical intelligence), process factors (participation in decision making and quality of communication) and context factors (trust in management and history of change) on employee readiness for change to transformational changes. commitment to change and its three dimensions- affective, continuance and no...